The acidification capacity of wetland bryophytes as influenced by simulated clean and polluted rain

Kooijman, A.M.; Bakker, Cok

doi:10.1016/0304-3770(94)90080-9

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nutrient inputs and peat decomposition following water loss probably reduced the acidification. The proportion of peat mosses in the bryophyte layer has also decreased, which possibly reduced the acidifying effect of bryophytes (Kooijman and Bakker 1994). Our results confirm that the ecological suitability for the species of bog, transition mire and fen species has decreased, whereas it has increased for pasture species, tall forbs and trees.…”

Section: Overall Changesupporting

confidence: 79%

Vegetation change and effects of cattle grazing in the transition mire “Burgmoos”

Küchler

Grünig²,

Hangartner³

et al. 2009

Bot. Helv.

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Mires are highly threatened ecosystems in the lowlands of Central Europe. Reduced water levels and eutrophication promote shrub encroachment and the expansion of tall species, such as common reed (Phragmites australis). In the ''Burgmoos'', a Swiss mire of national importance, attempts have been made to reverse these developments through cattle grazing in parts of the mire area. To monitor overall vegetation change and to assess the influence of grazing (which started in 2004), the vegetation was surveyed in 1995, 2001 and 2007. Ecological indicator values of the vegetation changed considerably between 1995 and 2007: mean indicator values for nutrients and soil pH increased in 80 and 72% of the relevés, respectively, while mean indicator values for moisture, humus and light decreased in 81, 86 and 76% of the relevés, respectively. Plant species from bogs, transition mires and fens decreased, while trees, pasture species and P. australis increased. Grazing had a weak effect on P. australis and did not prevent an increase in abundance of this species. The abundance of transition mire species was maintained in the grazed area between 2001 and 2007, whereas it continued to decrease in the ungrazed areas. This positive effect of grazing was, however, compensated by several adverse effects: In the non-forested parts of the mire, grazing accelerated the increase of nutrient indicator values, the decrease of bog species and the increase of pasture species. We conclude that grazing has not been effective in preventing undesirable vegetation changes in the Burgmoos.

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Section: Overall Changesupporting

confidence: 79%

Vegetation change and effects of cattle grazing in the transition mire “Burgmoos”

Küchler

Grünig²,

Hangartner³

et al. 2009

Bot. Helv.

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“…This striking difference in inundation water composition at a relatively short distance (10-20 m) can only be explained by the exchange of Ca 2+ for H + between inundation water and the adsorption complex of living mosses and their peat. This exchange process has also been described for non-inundated conditions in Sphagnum-dominated fens (Clymo, 1963;Kooijman and Bakker, 1994). Acidification (alkalinity consumption) of inundation water may have mainly occurred at Sphagnumdominated sites, because adsorption complexes of Scorpidium spp.…”

Section: Effect Of Winter Inundation On the Anc Depends On Infiltratimentioning

confidence: 89%

Impacts of short-term droughts and inundations in species-rich fens during summer and winter: Large-scale field manipulation experiments

Cusell

Mettrop

Loon

et al. 2015

Ecological Engineering

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A B S T R A C TFor the conservation and restoration of biodiverse rich fens, base-rich and nutrient-poor conditions are vital. In wetlands with artificially stable surface water levels, the re-introduction of temporary water level fluctuations has been postulated to restore the acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) of fens during inundation and to reduce surface water P-input during episodes with drought. This is the first study testing this hypothesis in large-scale field manipulation experiments in rich fens with threatened rich fen mosses, rich fens with Calliergonella, and poor fens with Sphagnum. Five different experiments were conducted: 2 weeks of raised levels (+10 cm) in a floating and a non-floating fen during winter, 2 weeks of high levels in a non-floating fen during summer, and 2 weeks of lowered levels (À15 cm) in a floating and a non-floating fen during summer. For floating fens, both lowered and raised surface water levels in adjacent ditches did not show any effect on water tables, soil ANC or nutrient levels in fens. For nonfloating fens, raised surface water levels led to inundation in all vegetation types, without affecting nutrient concentrations or vegetation. Although redox potentials decreased immediately in upper soils, ANC was generally not enhanced in winter due to limited infiltration into the waterlogged soils. In summer, in contrast, ANC increased because accelerated evapotranspiration led to enhanced infiltration of inundation water and higher temperatures resulted in microbial alkalinity generation. Short-term lowering of surface water levels in summer led to lower water tables in non-floating fens, but only when precipitation rates were low. Vegetation, ANC and nutrient concentrations were, however, not affected. The effectiveness of short-term surface water level fluctuation to restore ANC strongly depends on peat buoyancy, water saturation of soils, season and weather conditions. This explains why short-term inundation in winter is often inadequate, while short-term inundation in summer does increase ANC. Short-term droughts do not affect the ANC or nutrient availability. Our results are not only important for the hydrological management of fens, but also have implications for future management since shortterm extreme weather events will occur more frequently due to climate change.

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“…Nutrient enrichment may have increased the pH directly, but also indirectly by causing shifts in Sphagnum species (Fig. 4) that have different capacities to acidify their environment (Kooijman and Bakker, 1994).…”

Section: Early Period (Ad 999e1572)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-proxy, high-resolution record of peatland development and its drivers during the last millennium from the subalpine Swiss Alps

Knaap

Lamentowicz

Leeuwen

et al. 2011

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tWe present a record of peatland development during the last 1000 years from Mauntschas mire in the eastern Swiss Alps (Upper Engadine valley; 1818 m a.s.l.) inferred from testate amoebae (pH and depth to the water table (DWT) reconstructions), stable oxygen isotopes in Sphagnum (d C correlates with DWT only during AD 1000e1570. Part of this apparent instability among the four time series might be attributed to shifts in the local mire conditions which potentially formed very different (non-analogue) habitats. Lack of analogues, caused, for example, by pre-industrial human impact, might have introduced artefacts in the reconstructions, since those habitats are not well represented in some proxy transfer functions. Human impact was probably the main factor for peatland development, distorting most of the climate signals.

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The acidification capacity of wetland bryophytes as influenced by simulated clean and polluted rain

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Vegetation change and effects of cattle grazing in the transition mire “Burgmoos”

Vegetation change and effects of cattle grazing in the transition mire “Burgmoos”

Impacts of short-term droughts and inundations in species-rich fens during summer and winter: Large-scale field manipulation experiments

A multi-proxy, high-resolution record of peatland development and its drivers during the last millennium from the subalpine Swiss Alps

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