Measurements of serum thyroid hormones were compared in 22 patients with typical anorexia nervosa and 22 euthyroid control subjects. Serum total triiodothyronine (T 3 ) was (mean ± SE) 62.1 ± 7.1 ng/100 ml in anorexia patients and 115.2 ± 8.4 ng/100 ml in control subjects (P < 0.001). Serum adjusted thyroxine (T 4 Adj) was significantly different in the anorexia (7.1 ± 0.4) and control (8.2 ± 0.4) groups. Serum T 3 was subnormal in 63% and T 4 Adj subnormal in 36% of the 22 anorexia patients. The mean serum T 4 /T 3 in anorexia patients (158 ± 19) was higher than that in the control subjects (88 ± 5.5, P < 0.005) or in 18 patients with hypothalamic or pituitary hypothyroidism (77.9 ± 10.