The Acheulian Site of Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov Volume IV

Goren‐Inbar, Naama; Alperson-Afil, Nira; Sharon, Gonen; Herzlinger, Gadi

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74051-5

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…While they have been found to differ from the hammerstones with fracture angles, also present in the assemblage [52], they reflect an organized operative scheme that is somewhat comparable to the management of orthogonal cores. On the BL tools, traces [13,16,31,34,36,37,38,41,42,46,51,104,105,107,118,119,120,125,136,139,141,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subspheroids in the lithic assemblage of Barranco León (Spain): Recognizing the late Oldowan in Europe

et al. 2020

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The lithic assemblage of Barranco León (BL), attributed to the Oldowan techno-complex, contributes valuable information to reconstruct behavioral patterning of the first hominins to disperse into Western Europe. This archaic stone tool assemblage comprises two, very different groups of tools, made from distinct raw materials. On the one hand, a small-sized toolkit knapped from Jurassic flint, comprising intensively exploited cores and small-sized flakes and fragments and, on the other hand, a large-sized limestone toolkit that is mainly linked to percussive activities. In recent years, the limestone macro-tools have been the center of particular attention, leading to a re-evaluation of their role in the assemblage. Main results bring to light strict hominin selective processes, mainly concerning the quality of the limestone and the morphology of the cobbles, in relation to their use-patterning. In addition to the variety of traces of percussion identified on the limestone tools, recurrences have recently been documented in their positioning and in the morphology of the active surfaces. Coupled with experimental work, this data has contributed to formulating hypothesis about the range of uses for these tools, beyond stone knapping and butchery, for activities such as: wood-working or tendon and meat tenderizing. The abundance of hammerstones, as well as the presence of heavy-duty scrapers, are special features recognized for the limestone component of the Barranco León assemblage. This paper presents, for the first time, another characteristic of the assemblage: the presence of polyhedral and, especially, subspheroid morphologies, virtually unknown in the European context for this timeframe. We present an analysis of these tools, combining qualitative evaluation of the raw materials, diacritical study, 3D geometric morphometric analysis of facet angles and an evaluation of the type and position of percussive traces; opening up the discussion of the late Oldowan beyond the African context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subspheroids in the lithic assemblage of Barranco León (Spain): Recognizing the late Oldowan in Europe

et al. 2020

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“…In the mid-late 1930s, Gardner interacted with archeologists working in the Levant, Jordan Valley and greater region. "D. A. E. Garrod and E. W. Gardner were the first to observe and report the presence of handaxes..." and fossil fauna at a location in the Hula Valley at what became the amazing Acheulian site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov ( [92] as cited in [93]). Based on her extensive experience working in Egypt, Gardner would have easily recognized an Acheulian handaxe, and she was probably the one who explored the area, looking for associated archeozoological remains.…”

Section: Judean Desertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elinor Wight Gardner: Pioneer Geoarcheologist, Quaternary Scientist and Geomorphologist

et al. 2021

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Elinor Wight Gardner (1892–1981) was the first female geologist who worked and published as a geoarcheologist. During her career, she worked in arid lands of North Africa, Mediterranean and the Near East, and was regarded as a pioneering geoscientist who made important contributions in multiple fields, including archeology, geomorphology, paleontology and Quaternary science. Despite her ground-breaking work at many archeological sites, Gardner’s impact has been largely unrecognized. Few details are known about her personal life; she was a private and reserved person who left limited first-hand accounts of her opinions and motivations. Gardner worked with charismatic figures such as her life-long friend and primary collaborator, the archeologist Gertrude Caton Thompson (1888–1985). This biography synthesizes primary sources and draws insights about Gardner’s character from her bibliography, publications and notebooks, and mentions by contemporary peers. Much attention has focused on the historical “ancestral passions” of characters working in the fields of geology and archeology, with much emphasis on the ‘founding fathers’ and significantly less recognition of its ‘grandmothers’. We bring attention to the full scope of Gardner’s insightful contributions through analysis of her important collaborative research projects linking archeology and landscape studies during the early twentieth century.

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“…The GBY sequence consists of a reversed-polarity zone overlaid by a normal-polarity zone, correlated with the 0.79 Ma Matuyama-Brunhes chron boundary; the entire depositional sequence is assigned to OIS 18-20 and its estimated duration is 100,000 years. Archaeological data indicate that Acheulian hominins regularly occupied the margins of Paleo Lake Hula, where they produced stone tools [19], used and controlled fire [20], processed meat [21], and gathered a vast range of plant food, which has been preserved due to the waterlogged environment [22]. Tectonic activity on the transform fault of the Dead Sea Rift has resulted in the tilt of the strata at the site.…”

Section: Restructuring Gesher Benot Ya'aqovmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tilted archaeological horizons are embedded within a generally fine-grained sedimentary sequence, documenting rapid shifts in an abundance of carbonate and organic materials typical of a low-energy, fluctuating lake margin environment. The site was excavated in seven field seasons between 1989 and 1997, using traditional recording methods [19].…”

Section: Restructuring Gesher Benot Ya'aqovmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digitizing the Undigitized: Converting Traditional Archaeological Records into Computerized, Three-Dimensional Site Reconstruction

Alperson-Afil¹

2019

JGIS

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Archaeological excavation involves disintegration, removal, and reassembly of the archaeological record; as such it is considered by many to be an unrepeatable, destructive activity. This perception has contributed to an advancement in archaeological practice, namely, the development of computerized recording systems that digitally record archaeological excavations spatially and volumetrically during fieldwork. This paper is concerned with those archaeological sites where digital field recording has not been done. These sites, recorded by traditional methods, should not be excluded from attempts to restructure the spatial, volumetric, and stratigraphic archaeological data. A thorough methodology for the conversion of traditional records into digitized data is presented, including the detailed procedures required for threedimensional plotting of recorded data-both the excavated material and the drawn site maps and cross-sections. Finally, the use of these methods is demonstrated on a complex Early to Middle Pleistocene site, illustrating the benefits of digitization and three-dimensional reconstruction in resolving stratigraphic and spatial questions.

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The Acheulian Site of Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov Volume IV

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Subspheroids in the lithic assemblage of Barranco León (Spain): Recognizing the late Oldowan in Europe

Subspheroids in the lithic assemblage of Barranco León (Spain): Recognizing the late Oldowan in Europe

Elinor Wight Gardner: Pioneer Geoarcheologist, Quaternary Scientist and Geomorphologist

Digitizing the Undigitized: Converting Traditional Archaeological Records into Computerized, Three-Dimensional Site Reconstruction

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