The accuracy of the location of sources of atmospherics by radio direction-finding

Horner, F.

doi:10.1049/pi-3.1954.0091

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…">IntroductionConventional terrestrial systems for locating lightning normally use a frequency near 10 kHz and require at least three widely separated stations. Such systems have employed goniometric techniques to determine the arrival azimuth at the various stations enabling the source to be located or "fixed" [Horner, 1954]. More recently, a precise wide-band arrival time difference (ATD) method has been developed as the current operational system used by the U.K. Meteorological Office [Lee, 1990].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global radiolocation in the lower ELF frequency band

Burke¹,

Jones²

1995

J. Geophys. Res.

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A system for recording large‐amplitude discrete extremely low frequency atmospherics (ELF “events” or “Q bursts”) produced by global lightning activity is described. The location of the source lightning flashes for some 261 events has been deduced from these data. In the data set, about 75% of the signals were produced by positive flashes and 25% were produced by negative flashes. The analysis technique depends on the fact that in the lower ELF band (5–45Hz), signals can be detected which have made multiple circulations of the globe. The range of the sources was found by modelling the data using a least squares fit to the complex wave impedance computed using the well‐established propagation theory applicable to the Earth‐ionosphere spherical‐shell waveguide. The source bearings were deduced from two orthogonal components of the magnetic field vector using the usual goniometric technique. The data show that the majority of the sources of ELF events are located in low‐latitude regions, an average of 7.4 Mm away from the observing station situated in the UK. The use of such a system to monitor worldwide thunderstorm activity, so far as this relates to ELF events observed in the band 5–45 Hz, is demonstrated.

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confidence: 99%

Global radiolocation in the lower ELF frequency band

Burke¹,

Jones²

1995

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…The total random error from nonvertical channels, background noise, and fluctuation in the electronics is usually 1-2 degree only [3]. However the "site errors" has been reported to be as large as 30 degrees [9].…”

Section: Overview Of Site Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site errors estimation and correction for MDF/TOA combined lightning location network

Chen

2012

2012 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)

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Although, lightning location network (LLN) has been widely used all over the world, its performance is still constrained by "site errors" as long as the direction-finder technique is deployed. Based on lightning data from a regional LLN consisted of 25 MDF/TOA combined sensors, a method for "site errors" estimation and correction was proposed and practiced. By comparing the lightning locations reported by at least 4 sensors between MDF and TOA techniques, the spatial and seasonal signatures of "site errors" for individual sensors were found and discussed. The signatures found are well consistent with those in literature. The "site errors" obtained were then used to correct and improve the accuracy of lightning locations reported by only 2 or 3 sensors. Results showed that the proposed "site errors" correction method could significantly improve the location accuracy of the LLN.

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“…In both cases, the direction-finding technique involves an implicit assumption that the radiated electric field is oriented vertically and the associated magnetic field is oriented horizontally and perpendicular to the propagation path. Narrow-band DFs have been used to detect distant lightning since the 1920s [2,3]. They generally operate in a narrow frequency band with the center frequency in the 5-10 kHz range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An FDTD Study of Errors in Magnetic Direction Finding of Lightning Due to the Presence of Conducting Structure Near the Field Measuring Station

et al. 2016

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Lightning electromagnetic fields in the presence of conducting (grounded) structure having a height of 60 m and a square cross-section of 40 mˆ40 m within about 100 m of the observation point are analyzed using the 3D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Influence of the conducting structure on the two orthogonal components of magnetic field is analyzed, and resultant errors in the estimated lightning azimuth are evaluated. Influences of ground conductivity and lightning current waveshape parameters are also examined. When the azimuth vector passes through the center of conducting structure diagonally (e.g., azimuth angle is 45˝) or parallel to its walls (e.g., azimuth angle is 0˝), the presence of conducting structure equally influences H x and H y , so that H x /H y is the same as in the absence of structure. Therefore, no azimuth error occurs in those configurations. When the conducting structure is not located on the azimuth vector, the structure influences H x and H y differently, with the resultant direction finding error being greater when the structure is located closer to the observation point.

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The accuracy of the location of sources of atmospherics by radio direction-finding

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Global radiolocation in the lower ELF frequency band

Global radiolocation in the lower ELF frequency band

Site errors estimation and correction for MDF/TOA combined lightning location network

An FDTD Study of Errors in Magnetic Direction Finding of Lightning Due to the Presence of Conducting Structure Near the Field Measuring Station

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