The acceleration mechanism of shock wave induced by millisecond-nanosecond combined-pulse laser on silicon

Li, Jingyi; Zhang, Wei; Zhou, Yu; Yuan, Boshi; Cai, Jixing; Jin, Guangyong

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/abf729

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Typically, free electrons within a laser irradiation zone absorb the laser energy and are accelerated through collisions until they acquire sufficient energy to impact and ionize the surrounding substances (N 2 and H 2 O). Ionization results in the generation of high-energy electrons that continue colliding with atoms, triggering an avalanche ionization and exponential electron growth, thus leading to the formation of a gas plasma . The formation of laser-induced plasma was observed through optical emission spectroscopy.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ionization results in the generation of high-energy electrons that continue colliding with atoms, triggering an avalanche ionization and exponential electron growth, thus leading to the formation of a gas plasma. 51 The formation of laser-induced plasma was observed through optical emission spectroscopy. Figure 5E shows the emission spectra at different pulse laser energies.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Catalyst-Free Activation and Fixation of Nitrogen by Laser-Induced Conversion

Cao,

Li,

Yan

et al. 2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Ultrafast N 2 fixation reactions are quite challenging. Currently used methods for N 2 fixation are limited, and strong dinitrogen bonds usually need to be activated via extreme temperature or pressure or by the use of an energy-consuming process with sophisticated catalysts. Herein, we report a novel laser-based chemical method for N 2 fixation under ambient conditions without catalysts, this method is called laser bubbling in liquids (LBL), and it directly activates N 2 in water (H 2 O) and efficiently converts N 2 into valuable NH 3 (max: 4.2 mmol h −1 ) and NO 3 − (0.17 mmol h −1 ). Remarkably, the highest yields of NH 3 and NO 3 − are 4 orders of magnitude greater than the best values for electrocatalysis reported to date. Notably, we further validate the experimental mechanism by using optical emission spectroscopy to detect the production of intermediate plasma and by employing isotope tracing. We also establish that an extremely high-temperature environment far from thermodynamic equilibrium inside a laser-induced bubble and the kinetic process of rapid quenching of bubbles is crucial for N 2 activation and fixation to generate NH 3 and NO x via LBL. Based on these results, it is shown that LBL is a simple, safe, efficient, green, and sustainable technology that enables the rapid conversion of the renewable feedstocks H 2 O and N 2 to NH 3 and NO 3 − , facilitating new prospects for chemical N 2 fixation.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyst-Free Activation and Fixation of Nitrogen by Laser-Induced Conversion

Cao,

Li,

Yan

et al. 2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…In this energy range, the main source of mass for plasma formation is mainly provided by the mass lost from the surface film, and the surface film thickness of the target we use is the same (the film thickness will fluctuate by a few microns). Due to the presence of the film (the phenomenon described in the paper was not observed when the fused silica substrate was damaged), there is a difference between the experimental results of non-coated materials (such as silicon [24]) in the trend of velocity over time.…”

Section: Flow Field Experiments At Pre-and Post-focus Positionsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Laser-supported absorption and shock waves are observed throughout the physical process in studies of plasma-induced plasma generation in combination lasers [20][21][22][23]. Jingyi Li et al studied the phenomenon of absorption wave induced by combined pulses in single crystal silicon, and found the phenomenon of double wave [24]. Zefeng Yang et al studied the interaction between aluminum plasma and shock induced by double short pulses [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the effect of focal position change on the expansion velocity and propagation mechanism of plasma generated by millisecond pulsed laser-induced fused silica

Wang

Cai

2023

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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In this paper, by controlling the positional relationship between the target and the focal point, the surface damage, shock wave phenomenon and propagation mechanism involved in the plasma generation of fused silica by millisecond pulsed laser irradiation at different focal positions were studied. Laser energy is an important experimental variable. The dynamic process of plasma was detected by optical shadow method, and the influence of surface film damage on plasma propagation and the propagation mechanism at different focal positions were discussed. The study found that the plasma induced by the pulsed laser at the focus position within 0-20μs exploded, the micro-droplets formed around 20μs. At the same time, a shock wave is formed by the compressed air, the micro-droplets are compressed under the action of the shock wave recoil pressure, and the micro-droplets channel phenomenon is observed in the micro-droplets. The peak velocities of plasma and combustion wave appear earlier in the pre-focus position than in the post-focus position. This research provides a reference for the field of laser processing using fused silica as the substrate.

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“…Therefore, the study of the modulation of the optical field by bubble defects can explain the physical nature of vacuum bubble formation by microcracked impurities under specific laser conditions. Impurities absorb laser energy, create a local temperature gradient, and modulate the optical field of the incident laser on a local scale, thus affecting the uniformity of the laser [9][10][11][12]. The modulation effect of bubbles reduces the damage threshold and service life of optical components and increases the maintenance cost and difficulty of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the influence of local optical field amplification effect on laser-induced damage of fused silica materials

Liu,

Cai,

Zhang

et al. 2023

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Fused silica is an important part of optical components in large laser systems. Due to the limitation of manufacturing process, impurities and defects in the optical element would greatly reduce the service life of the optical element, and significantly reduce the final output of the laser performance. Aiming at the modulation effect of the internal defect of the component on the internal optical field of the component, the theoretical, simulation and experimental research are carried out. The results show that in the double-bubble impurity coupling, under the same radius R, when the impurity spacing is 1 λ, the local optical field amplification has a maximum value. The effect is equivalent to single-bubble modulation with radius 2 R–3 R. There is an extreme point of the modulated optical field between the air and fused silica crossing line for bubble impurities of different radii. The optical field modulation of small radius impurities is distributed behind the bubble impurities, and the modulation effect of large radius impurities is the maximum when the spacing is 2 λ. The temperature distribution curve of the fused silica element modulated by bubble impurities is consistent with the optical field distribution curve, showing a trend of decreasing slope. The presence of bubble impurities will cause the surface combustion wave of the component to flash and accelerate, and the bubble impurities will increase the generation and expansion rate of the surface combustion wave. This study provides a basis for reducing the uneven distribution of laser energy during the interaction between laser and fused silica, improving the lifetime of the overall optical system, and experimental measurement and analysis.

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The acceleration mechanism of shock wave induced by millisecond-nanosecond combined-pulse laser on silicon

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Catalyst-Free Activation and Fixation of Nitrogen by Laser-Induced Conversion

Catalyst-Free Activation and Fixation of Nitrogen by Laser-Induced Conversion

Study on the effect of focal position change on the expansion velocity and propagation mechanism of plasma generated by millisecond pulsed laser-induced fused silica

Study on the influence of local optical field amplification effect on laser-induced damage of fused silica materials

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