The Abundance and Diversity of Soil Fungi in Continuously Monocropped Chrysanthemum

Abstract

Chrysanthemum is an important ornamental plant which is increasingly being monocropped. Monocropping is known to affect both fungal abundance and species diversity. Here, quantitative PCR allied with DGGE analysis was used to show that fungi were more abundant in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil and that the fungal populations changed during the growth cycle of the chrysanthemum. The majority of amplified fragments appeared to derive from Fusarium species, and F. oxysporum and F. solani proved to be the major pathogenic species which are built up by monocropping.

Carry-over effects of soil inoculation on plant growth and health under sequential exposure to soil-borne diseases

“…Inoculation of the sterilized soil with soil that was conditioned by another plant species reduced this negative plant-soil feedback effect. Such negative conspecific feedbacks are a commonly observed problem in continuous cropping systems (Song et al 2013;Zhou et al 2009;Wang et al 2017b). However, we now show that adding an inoculum consisting of soil conditioned by other plant species to the sterilized soil before the first growth cycle starts can reduce this negative effect.…”

Evaluation of Soil-Applied Chemical Fungicide and Biofungicide for Control of the Fusarium Wilt of Chrysanthemum and Their Effects on Rhizosphere Soil Microbiota

“…Fusarium wilt is an economically important disease for chrysanthemum greenhouse managers in China, and is detrimental to the floral industry through extensive quality loss and increased fungicide usage [1,34]. Fungicide application is the most effective current intervention against soilborne pathogens.…”

“…Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium, Asteraceae, Plantae) is an important and popular ornamental plant all over the world [1]. The demand for chrysanthemum increases by improved standards of living, prompting a rise in the monoculture-based production of chrysanthemum [2].…”

Phylogenetic and Transcription Analysis of Chrysanthemum WRKY Transcription Factors

“…Spore suspensions of A. tenuissima and F. oxysporum were obtained from a 14 day old PDA (potato dextrose agar) cultures, to which 10 mL of sterile water had been added; the spore suspension was then filtered through four layers of cheesecloth, and the spore concentration adjusted to 10 7 per mL using a haemocytometer [ 41 , 42 ]. Leaves were sampled before inoculation with A. tenuissima and then after six, 24, 48 and 72 h; the roots were sampled prior to F. oxysporum inoculation, and then after four, 12, 24 and 48 h. Infection with P. horiana was achieved using the spray method described by Zandvoort et al [ 43 ] with the following modifications: Briefly, the infected leaves containing white rust pustules were cut into small pieces and were dispersed in deionized water and filtered through medical gauze to remove any plant debris.…”