The Absorption of Liquids by Compressed Fiber Systems

Steiger, Fred H.; Kapur, Chandra

doi:10.1177/004051757204200801

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A similar approach is followed by other researchers [ 18,19,30 ] in estimating the fluid spreading rates in web sections, where the pore volume will be neither fully saturated nor fully dry. This phenomenon will be clearer near the boundaries of the 8uid front in the web sections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We consider the pore volume in the web structure to be continuous and the only medium in the model, that is, we do not consider the solid portion in this heat transfer model. Our assumptions are reasonable for web materials that have been continuously laid [3,18,30]. The problem of fluid spreading is simplified to a large extent by transforming it into a heat transfer problem.…”

Section: Physical Aspecw Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, The energy Q (calories supplied over the time period) is equivalent to the fluid volume supplied in the fluid spreading model. The liquid-holding capacity of the porous media varies with the web structure [ 3,18,19 ] and web density [ 30 ] . This property is handled by using heat capacities that vary with varying web densities.…”

Section: Physical Aspecw Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Painter [ 18,19 ] , Durso and Nguyen [ 7 ] , Burgeni and Kapur [ 3 ] , and Steiger and Kapur [ 30 ] identified the characteristics of absorbent materials. Information on critical densities of cellulosic fiber webs, void volumes at zero pressures, and dynamic spreading rates can be found in these papers.…”

Section: Physical Aspecw Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Simplified Model for Fluid Spreading in Composite Web Structures

Yarlagadda

Yoganathan

1990

Textile Research Journal

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It is common practice to use analogous models for solving problems that cannot be solved in their original form. Fluid spreading in composite web structures is difficult to model mathematically using mass transfer equations because of complicated driving forces and energy losses caused by a number of irreversible processes. The problem has been transformed into an analogous three-dimensional transient heat transfer model with varying thermal conductivities and heat capacities, to represent the actual phenomenon of fluid spreading in a composite web. A web structure is considered with varying porosities in the layers and pores with certain preferred orientations. A temporary point source of fluid is considered near the center of the top layer, and the dynamics of fluid spreading are modeled. A clear method of converting the temperature history of the web section into the fluid saturations of the web medium is presented. The results predicted by the model match well with the experimental data available in the literature, indicating its usefulness. 1 Current address: Truman Medical Center, University of Missouri at Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108. 2 Address to whom correspondence should be sent. Many researchers have attempted to model fluid flow in porous media. An extensive discussion of the existing models and approaches can be found in a book by Scheidegger [28] ] and in a paper by Philip [ 23 ] . The capillary bundle approach [27, 33], Stokes-flow approach [ 16, 22, 35 ], and statistical approaches [ 1, 27 ] are popular methods of looking at fluid flow in porous media. The standard models for flow in porous media, such as Darcy's law [ 6 ] , basically relate flow rate Q to press4re drop OP by a proportionality equation, Q oc OP. This &dquo;linear law&dquo; is not valid above a critical Reynolds number, at which point the relation between Q and OP becomes nonlinear. In porous media, the transition to nonlinearity occurs at lower Reynolds numbers. Keller [ 12 followed a method called &dquo;homogenization&dquo; to rederive Darcy's law by converting it into a heat transfer problem. Modeling of fluid spreading in web structures is more complicated than modeling steady flow because of uncertainty in defining the driving forces and the various sources of energy losses. Johnson and Dettre [10] ] attributed the energy dissipation near a moving interface to mechanical and chemical heterogeneities on the solid surface. Haines [9] noticed fluctuations in fluid spreading rates while doing experiments with porous media. These fluctuations, called Haines jumps, were later confirmed experimentally by Morrow [ 17 ] and Crawford and Hoover [ 5 ] . The occurrence of &dquo;channeling&dquo; or &dquo;fingering&dquo; due to local inhomogeneities in the porous media presents a problem in estimating the fluid spreading rates. Blocking of a certain fraction of the porous tubes caused by entrapment of displaced fluid is another sort of problem, for which Stinchcombe 31 ], Kirkpatrick [ 13 ] , and Levine et al. [ 15 ] used the percolat...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Physical Aspecw Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Aspecw Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Aspecw Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Simplified Model for Fluid Spreading in Composite Web Structures

Yarlagadda

Yoganathan

1990

Textile Research Journal

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show abstract

“…For maximum liquidholding capacity, an uncompressed fibrous assembly requires wettable fibers with high wet modulus. The use of wet cross-linked rayon, which has the requisite combination of wet and dry properties, leads to significant improvements in absorbency [199]. The vertical liquid retention capacity (H), water retention (W), W/H ratio, and cosine of contact angle are higher for desized-scoured fabrics than those only desized.…”

Section: Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%