The absorption of fat

Dawson, A. M.

doi:10.1136/jcp.s3-5.1.77

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The bile salt concentrations during digestion in the asymptomatic Puerto Ricans showed the same marked variation from sample to sample that has been observed in normal European subjects (Dawson, 1971) and the mean bile salt concentrations in the asymptomatic Puerto Ricans were similar to those seen in these normal subjects. There was, therefore, no evidence to suggest that the asymptomatic Puerto Ricans were any different from normal Europeans in this regard.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Bile salt metabolism in tropical sprue

Engert¹,

Klipstein²,

Maldonado³

et al. 1974

Gut

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Bile salt metabolism in tropical sprue

Engert¹,

Klipstein²,

Maldonado³

et al. 1974

Gut

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“…Nevertheless, it has been shown that the absorption of insolubilized lipids might be increased when fed together with unsaturated fatty acids. This is because the inclusion in MP seems to be enhanced when micelles are expanded by the incorporation of MAG and fatty acids of unsaturated nature [13,38]. This premise might be also considered for alkylglycerols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This result might be partially explained by the poor solubility of this molecule in the micellar structures, related to the etherified octadecyl alcohol of the alkylglycerol moiety. It has been found that long-chain saturated fatty acids, either free or esterified, are poorly absorbed, because these fatty acids and their MAG are poorly solubilized in mixed micelles, and show a strong tendency to form insoluble calcium soaps at the alkaline pH of intestine [17,37,38]. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the absorption of insolubilized lipids might be increased when fed together with unsaturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

In Vitro Intestinal Bioaccessibility of Alkylglycerols Versus Triacylglycerols as Vehicles of Butyric Acid

Martín

Morán-Valero

Señoráns

et al. 2011

Lipids

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Butyric acid has been the subject of much attention last years due to its bioactivity. However, the potential advantages of butyrate are limited by the problem to reach enough plasma concentrations; therefore, pro-drugs have been proposed as an alternative to natural butyrate. A comparative study on in vitro intestinal digestion of 2,3-dibutyroil-1-O-octadecyl glycerol (D-SCAKG) and tributyrin (TB), as potential pro-drugs of butyric acid, was performed. Aliquots were taken at different times of digestion for studying the extent and rate of hydrolysis of both substrates. The micellar phase (MP) and oily phase (OP) formed in the digestion media were separated and their composition in lipid products was analyzed. Initially, it was confirmed that the in vitro model reproduced physiological results by testing against olive oil as a standard lipid. The progress of in vitro intestinal digestion of D-SCAKG was slower than that of TB. TB hydrolyzed completely to butyric acid, whereas D-SCAKG mainly yielded 2-butyroil-1-O-octadecyl glycerol (M-SCAKG), followed by butyric acid and 1-O-octadecyl glycerol (AKG). The MP from both substrates mainly consisted of butyric acid. Minor levels of M-SCAKG and AKG were also found in the MP after hydrolysis of D-SCAKG, the M-SCAKG being mainly distributed in the OP. Therefore, D-SCAKG produced a stable form of esterified butyric acid as M-SCAKG after in vitro intestinal digestion, unlike TB. Additionally, such a product would integrate both bioactive compounds, butyric acid and alkylglycerol, within the same molecule. Free butyric acid and AKG would be also released, which are lipid products of interest as well.

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“…Frazer Partition theory of Lipid Absorption: This theory explains that digestion of cholesterol and other lipids taken up by the intestinal mucosal cells are not complete owing to bile salts emulsion droplets formation 16 . Verzar Lipolytic theory of Lipid Absorption: This theory explains that fats undergoes complete hydrolyses to free fatty acids and glycerol and their absorption in the intestinal mucosal is as soap or in association with bile salts 17 . Bergstrom Theory of Lipid Absorption: This theory explains that free cholesterol, free fatty acids, 2monoacylglycerol and phospholipids, the main products of lipid digestion amassed together with bile salts to form mixed micelles.…”

Section: Theories Of Cholesterol and Other Lipids Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol and Its Implications- A Review

Idoko

et al. 2021

Univ J Pharm Res

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Ambiguity associated with cholesterol portrays its significance and concern. Cholesterol is a steroid biomolecule of animal cells with several important functions in living system, such as steroid hormone production, structural architecture of cell membranes, production of vitamin D, sources of bile salts and bile acids. Its sources include endogenous (de novo production by body’s tissues) and exogenous (dietary), contributing to cholesterol pool in the body. Cholesterol homeostasis is essentially regulated by the body. This review focuses on the following; basis of cholesterol, biological functions of cholesterol, structural description of cholesterol, Biosynthesis of cholesterol, cholesterol and its derivatives e.g bile acids, bile salts, steroid hormone, absorption and utilization of dietary cholesterol and current advancement in cholesterol management against risk factors. Hypercholesterolaemia is known to be an important precondition to the etiology of cardiovascular disorders which include atherosclerosis, stroke and coronary heart diseases. Interventions for the management and prevention of hypercholesterolaemia currently advocated include pharmaceuticals (drugs) and non pharmaceuticals, but more concern on non pharmacological therapeutic interventions such as the use of Medicinal Plants and herbs, Nutraceuticals, Diet and Exercises (lifestyle) and Functional and Mediterranean Foods. It is thus glaring that the disease linked implication of cholesterol can be prevented and managed using the appropriate interventions. Peer Review History: Received 4 November 2020; Revised 12 Decembe; Accepted 2 January, Available online 15 January 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Comments of reviewer(s): Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Rawaa Souhil Al-Kayali, Aleppo University, Syria, rawah67@hotmail.com Dr. U. S. Mahadeva Rao, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu Malaysia, raousm@gmail.com Similar Articles: USE OF DIOSGENIN, YAMOGENIN, TIGOGENIN AND NEOTIGOGENIN FOR TREATMENT OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA BY INHIBITING CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION IN GIT

show abstract

The absorption of fat

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Bile salt metabolism in tropical sprue

Bile salt metabolism in tropical sprue

In Vitro Intestinal Bioaccessibility of Alkylglycerols Versus Triacylglycerols as Vehicles of Butyric Acid

Cholesterol and Its Implications- A Review

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