The ABLE Scale: The Development and Psychometric Properties of an Outcome Measure for the Spinal Cord Injury Population

Ardolino, Elizabeth; Hutchinson, Kenneth D.; Zipp, Genevieve Pinto; Clark, MaryAnn; Harkema, Susan J.

doi:10.2522/ptj.20110257

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition to the AIS, the ABLE and Sitting Posture/ Balance assessments 20 were completed. Prior to either intervention, the SCI individual could not: (i) sit unsupported during the ABLE or (ii) perform reaching tasks or bring both hands to his nose or behind his head during the Sitting Posture/Balance tasks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ABLE scale is derived from the Modified Functional Reach Test and the Berg Balance Scale and includes items which test balance in the domains of sitting, standing and walking. 20 For the SCI individual considered in this pilot study, only the seated items of the ABLE scale were considered. To further assess the balance of the individual while seated the Sitting Posture/Balance assessment was completed as well.…”

Section: Subjects and Assessment Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability of surface EMG as an assessment tool for trunk activity and potential to determine neurorecovery in SCI

et al. 2014

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Study Design: Reliability and validity study. Objective: This study investigates the responsiveness and reliability of the brain motor control assessment (BMCA) as a standardized neurophysiological assessment tool to: (i) characterize trunk neural activity in neurologically-intact controls; (ii) measure and quantify neurorecovery of trunk after spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Kessler Foundation Research Center, West Orange, NJ. Methods: A standardized BMCA protocol was performed to measure surface electromyography (sEMG) recordings for seven bilateral trunk muscles on 15 able-bodied controls during six maneuvers (inhalation, exhalation, neck flexion, jendrassik, unilateral grip). Additionally, sEMG recordings were analyzed for one chronic SCI individual before electrical stimulation (ES), after ES of the lower extremities while supine, and after active stand training using body-weight support with bilateral ES. sEMG recordings were collected on bilateral erector spinae, internal and external obliques, upper and middle trapezius, biceps and triceps. For each maneuver a voluntary response index was calculated: incorporating the magnitude of sEMG signal and a similarity index (SI), which quantifies the distribution of activity across all muscles. Results: Among all maneuvers, the SI presented reproducible assessment of trunk-motor function within (ICC: 0.860-0.997) and among (P ⩾ 0.22) able-bodied individuals. In addition, potential changes were measured in a chronic SCI individual after undergoing two intensive ES protocols. Conclusion:The BMCA provides reproducible characterization of trunk activity in able-bodied individuals, lending credence for its use in neurophysiological assessment of motor control. Additionally, the BMCA as an assessment tool to measure neurorecovery in an individual with chronic SCI after intense ES interventions was demonstrated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjects and Assessment Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of surface EMG as an assessment tool for trunk activity and potential to determine neurorecovery in SCI

et al. 2014

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“…Rasch analysis places item difficulty and person ability along the linear continuum of the logit scale. 34) A person-item map displaying the ASUHS item difficulty and the subjects' ability is shown in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a New Daily Activities Scale for the Affected Hand after Stroke

Matsuoka

Watanabe

Kawaguchi

et al. 2020

PRM

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Objectives: There are few scales that reflect the function of the stroke-affected arm as it relates to the performance of daily activities while also indicating the difficulty of scale items. In this study, we developed the Activities Specific Upper-extremity Hemiparesis Scale (ASUHS) to evaluate daily activities performable by the affected arm after stroke. We also clarified the validity, reliability, and item difficulty of the scale. Methods: The participants were 145 patients with stroke who were consecutively admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward. The unidimensionality of ASUHS was assessed by principal component analysis. Analyses of item discrimination and content validity were conducted to assess the overall validity. Reliability was evaluated by assessing internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. Item difficulties were determined by Rasch analysis. Results: Unidimensionality, high discrimination, and good content validity were shown for all items. ASUHS consists of a dominant hand scale and non-dominant hand scale. Both scales showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α coefficient = 0.99) and substantial inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s Kappa coefficient = 0.74 and 0.75, respectively). Item difficulty was determined as being in the range –8.71 to +5.18 logit. Conclusions: This study suggested good validity and reliability of ASUHS. Furthermore, because the item difficulties of daily activities performed by the affected arm were clarified, therapists can use ASUHS to identify the process that should be the next focus for training. Consequently, therapists may be able to train patients in daily activities that match the affected arm’s ability step by step rather than determining training activities empirically.

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“…Twenty-one articles were excluded ( Figure 1 ) because of the following reasons: (i) not directly related to walking ability but to general motor activity or disability; (ii) psychometric properties were not analyzed; (iii) discriminative selection of walking ability outcome measures according to the type of ambulatory assistive devices (AADs). Finally, 17 articles were included in this review [ 4 , 10 , 11 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walking Ability Outcome Measures in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Sinovas-Alonso

Gil-Agudo

Cano‐de‐la‐Cuerda

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Walking function recovery in spinal cord injury (SCI) is tackled through several therapeutic approaches in which precise evaluation is essential. A systematic review was performed to provide an updated qualitative review of walking ability outcome measures in SCI and to analyze their psychometric properties. PubMed, Cochrane, and PEDro databases were consulted until 1 April 2020. Seventeen articles written in English were included. Five of them studied the walking index for SCI, four studied the 10 meter walk test, and two studied the six-minute walk test, the timed Up and go test, and the Berg balance scale. The rest of the articles studied the following metrics: gait profile score, spinal cord injury functional ambulation profile, five times sit-to-stand test, spinal cord injury functional ambulation inventory, spinal cord independence measure (indoors and outdoors mobility items), locomotor stages in spinal cord injury, community balance and mobility scale, and activity-based balance level evaluation scale. The choice of a single or a set of metrics should be determined by the clinician. Based on the results obtained in this review, a combination of outcome measures is proposed to assess walking ability. Future work is required to integrate a more realistic environment for walking assessment.

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The ABLE Scale: The Development and Psychometric Properties of an Outcome Measure for the Spinal Cord Injury Population

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Reliability of surface EMG as an assessment tool for trunk activity and potential to determine neurorecovery in SCI

Reliability of surface EMG as an assessment tool for trunk activity and potential to determine neurorecovery in SCI

Development of a New Daily Activities Scale for the Affected Hand after Stroke

Walking Ability Outcome Measures in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

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