The ability of two chlorine dioxide chemistries to inactivate human papillomavirus‐contaminated endocavitary ultrasound probes and nasendoscopes

Meyers, Craig; Milici, Janice; Robison, Richard A.

doi:10.1002/jmv.25666

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…While disinfection methods and practices have remained relatively unchanged, there are ever‐mutating and newly discovered pathogens. Previous studies have shown that high‐risk types of HPV are highly resistant viruses 26–28 . One previous study, completed with in vitro propagation of HPV, showed that HPV is resistant to several HLD including glutaraldehyde (GTA), and OPA 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Authentic HPV16, grown in three‐dimensional organotypic human epithelial culture, was shown to be susceptible to hypochlorite and a high concentration peracetic acid‐silver‐based disinfectant 26 . Additionally, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid blended with silver, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide have been shown to be effective agents against HPV16 and HPV18 26,28 . Future studies should consider these cleaning methods on flexible endoscopes in otolaryngology clinics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Additionally, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid blended with silver, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide have been shown to be effective agents against HPV16 and HPV18. 26,28 Future studies should consider these cleaning methods on flexible endoscopes in otolaryngology clinics. It would be important to assess the potential impact of these cleaning solutions on the durability and functionality of the medical device as well.…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessing nonsexual transmission of the human papillomavirus (HPV): Do our current cleaning methods work?

Tucker

Milici

Alam

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is thought to be sexually transmitted; however, there have been a few studies investigating a possible iatrogenic source of infection.Therefore, it is important to assess the cleaning methods of reusable medical devices. This study assessed whether cleaning methods of flexible endoscopes in an otolaryngology clinic are effective against HPV. There were 24 patients with a history of head and neck cancer in the study; however, two outliers were excluded.Nine patients were confirmed to have HPV-associated cancer. PCR was used to measure and quantify the viral genomes of samples collected before and after cleaning. After cleaning, few HPV+ samples had endoscopes with less DNA than before cleaning. Additionally, for several patients with non-HPV-associated head and neck cancer, PCR showed more DNA after cleaning than before cleaning, suggesting residual HPV DNA within the cleaning solution. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between pre-and post-cleaning in both cohorts. Current cleaning methods of reusable endoscopes may not be effective in completely removing viral DNA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessing nonsexual transmission of the human papillomavirus (HPV): Do our current cleaning methods work?

Tucker

Milici

Alam

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…A very recent review on dermatologic reactions to various types of disinfectants used to reduce the risk of coronavirus infection indicated that ClO 2 is safe, even with prolonged skin contact [8] . ClO 2 solution is also closely examined for its potential use to inactivate viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [9] and human papillomavirus (HPV) [10] . Interestingly, ClO 2 solution was also used to sterilize recycled KN95s or surgical face masks during critical shortage of such supplies [2] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant

Yee¹,

Lim²,

Goh³

et al. 2020

Prog Micobes Mol Biol

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Chlorine dioxide plays a significant role in the industrial settings as disinfectants due to its broad antimicrobial property. Despite commonly use as germicide, chlorine dioxide demonstrates a good safety profile, rendering its suitability for use at water treatment and food preparation zones. Protein denaturation including envelope proteins is the major mechanism of chlorine dioxide to inactivate microorganisms even at low concentrations. Adverse reactions are not widely reported due to the typical use at a low concentration. The effectiveness of chlorine dioxide against various microorganisms, in both liquid and gaseous forms, over a wide range of pH and at an extremely low concentration has confirmed chlorine dioxide as a vital and versatile disinfectant.

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“…[4][5][6] There is strong evidence of the effectiveness of oxidative disinfectants against HPV in all types of in vitro assays; however, the corrosiveness of these formulations and the user safety training necessary make them impractical for routine adoption. 4,[7][8][9][10] We tested HOCl, an oxidative compound naturally produced in vivo.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypochlorous acid as a disinfectant for high‐risk HPV: Insight into the mechanism of action

Robins

Clark

Gafken

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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Medical instruments that are not autoclavable but may become contaminated with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) during use must be thoroughly disinfected to avoid the possibility of iatrogenic transmission of infection. There is an expectation that prolonged soaking of instruments in the United States Food and Drug Administration-cleared chemical disinfectant solutions will result in high-level decontamination, but HPV16 and HPV18 are known to be resistant to commonly used formulations. However, they are susceptible to a variety of oxidative agents, including those based on chlorine. Here, we tested the efficacy of homogeneous hypochlorous acid (HOCl) solutions against mature infectious virions of HPV16 and HPV18 dried onto butadiene styrene coupons and ultrasonic probes. Both viruses were inactivated to >4 log reduction value (LRV) after 15 s on coupons and 5 min on ultrasonic probes. Morphologic changes became evident within those contact times by transmission electron microscopy when HPV16 virus-like particles were exposed to HOCl under identical conditions. Mass spectrometry analysis of trypsin-digested products of L1 capsid proteins exposed to HOCl showed that mostly conserved residues were modified by oxidation and that these changes rapidly lead to instability of the protein demonstrable on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Modifications to these residues may contribute to rapid virus inactivation. The use of homogeneous HOCl solutions for HPV decontamination provides a highly effective means of assuring the safety of nonautoclavable medical instruments. K E Y W O R D S biochemical analysis, human papillomavirus, mass analysis, research and analysis methods, virus classification 1 | INTRODUCTION Effective inactivation of high-risk strains of human papillomaviruses (HPVs), including 16 and 18, with chemical disinfectants is an important part of controlling their transmission. 1,2 Medical and dental instruments that are not autoclavable between patients are often exposed to chemical solutions with the expectation of high-level disinfection. This is especially true in developing countries where access to plasma sterilization, vaporized peroxide or ultraviolet (UV) chambers, and other means of inactivating contaminating pathogens

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The ability of two chlorine dioxide chemistries to inactivate human papillomavirus‐contaminated endocavitary ultrasound probes and nasendoscopes

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Assessing nonsexual transmission of the human papillomavirus (HPV): Do our current cleaning methods work?

Assessing nonsexual transmission of the human papillomavirus (HPV): Do our current cleaning methods work?

Efficacy of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant

Hypochlorous acid as a disinfectant for high‐risk HPV: Insight into the mechanism of action

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