The ability of Achromobacter sp. KW1 strain to biodegrade isomers of chlorotoluene

Abstract

Background The isomers of chlorotoluene (2‐chlorotoluene, 3‐chlorotoluene and 4‐chlorotoluene) are considered to be toxic and to have a negative impact on humans and the environment. Therefore, issues related to their removal from the natural environment have become of increasing interest. Results The morphology of cells and colonies after long‐term metabolic stress was significantly modified. Metabolic stress is suggested to be a determinant of bacteria cell surface properties. The chlorine atom position in chlorotoluenes has a strong impact on cell surface modification. When the chlorine atom was at the ortho or para position, a large increase in hydrophobicity (from 40% to 73% and from 29% to 49%, respectively) and a decrease in the inner membrane permeability (from 0.31 to 0.24 µmol L−1 min−1 and from 0.52 to 0.13 µmol L−1 min−1) were observed. Moreover, Achromobacter sp. KW1 strain was found to exhibit good ability to degrade chlorotoluenes. The greatest difference in biodegradation between the stressed and non‐stressed strains was observed for the cultures grown on 4‐chlorotoluene and 3‐chlorotoluene. Conclusions Both long‐term contact with hydrocarbons and the addition of surfactants demonstrated a beneficial effect on the biodegradation process. However, as a result of long‐term contact with hydrocarbons, the bacteria studied were able to degrade chlorotoluenes faster and more effectively. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

Environmental Aspects of the Use of Hedera helix Extract in Bioremediation Process

“…Woertz et al [40] also found that sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) lowered toluene biodegradation rates by Exophialalecanii-corni , while Tween 20 increased its elimination. In accordance with the present results, previous studies of Pacholak et al [41] have demonstrated that saponins extracted from Sapindus mukorossi fruits elevated the level of 4-chlorotoluene biodegradation and simultaneously negatively affected the degradation of toluene.…”

Promising abilities of mercapto‐degrading Staphylococcus capitis strain SH6 in both crude oil and waste motor oil as sole carbon and energy sources: its biosurfactant production and preliminary characterization

“…Waste motor oil and diesel were used for biosurfactants production. They are stable after incubations up to 100 ∘ C, in the presence of various NaCl concentrations (20-150 g L -1 ) and over a wide pH range (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The CMC were identical for the two biosurfactants at about 800 mg L -1 .…”

“…Bioremediation is widely known to be economical, versatile and ecologically accepted as cleaning technology. In recent years, an increased interest in microbiological investigations has been devoted to bioremediation of oil contaminated sites using various microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi . The conversion of complex structures into simpler forms, using microorganisms, is known as microbial degradation and it is generally an eco‐friendly process, which can provide a safe solution for oil pollution.…”

“…In recent years, an increased interest in microbiological investigations has been devoted to bioremediation of oil contaminated sites using various microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. [9][10][11] The conversion of complex structures into simpler forms, using microorganisms, is known as microbial degradation and it is generally an eco-friendly process, which can provide a safe solution for oil pollution. These biodegradation assays can lead to better understanding of bioremediation challenges and future solutions to environmental pollution.…”

A novel system coupling an electro-Fenton process and an advanced biological process to remove a pharmaceutical compound, metronidazole

“…The adaptation can lead to a genetic mutation or induction or depression of a specific enzyme [45]. Various studies showed a positive role of the acclimation of Pseudomonas sp and Achromobacter sp on the degradation of refractory pollutants [46,47].…”