The Ability of Elite Table Tennis Players With Intellectual Disabilities to Adapt Their Service/Return

Biesen, Debbie Van; Verellen, Joeri; Meyer, Christophe; Mactavish, Jennifer; Vliet, Peter Van de; Vanlandewijck, Yves

doi:10.1123/apaq.27.3.242

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The group of children with intellectual disabilities has reached the level of only 55% of the skills of the non-disabled population. This was the lowest value of mutual comparison and we agree with Van Biesen (2010), who states that individuals with intellectual disabilities are significantly less fit than individuals without disabilities. Right and left hand cooperation is needed to master the table tennis service.…”

Section: Motor Skillssupporting

confidence: 65%

The level of physical and social skills after completion of the training program for children aged 9-11

Francová¹

2014

Acta Gymnica

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Objective: The objective of the study was to determine changes in physical and social indicators in participants of a table tennis training program lasting 10 months. Physical and social indicators were compared within two different research groups. Methods: Two research groups were created. The first one comprised beginners with intellectual disabilities and the reference group was created by non-disabled participants. Altogether 15 participants, aged 9-11, were included in each group. A pre-test was introduced at the beginning of the study and was followed by a posttest 10 months later. Physical parameters were evaluated with the help of individual skills tests designed for table tennis. The area of social indicators was determined according to the Scales for Assessing Coping Skills by Whelan and Speake (1979). Results: As far as physical indicators (e.g. individual skills used in table tennis) are concerned, individuals with intellectual disabilities improved by 24.5%. The improvement of non-disabled population reached 11%. Positive changes in social indicators, which include self-help socio-educational issues and interpersonal skills, were seen in individuals with intellectual disabilities -the improvement reached 7%; whereas the improvement in non-disabled participants was only 2%. The obtained results were evaluated separately for each group, due to the default level in pre-tests. Having compared the two groups we learnt that individuals with intellectual disabilities reached on average 63% of the non-disabled participants. Conclusions: The training programme has brought positive changes into the lives of individuals with intellectual disabilities in all of the studied parameters, social and physical skills included. In accord with our comparative findings it has been recommended to reduce sport demands to the observed level. Also, a number, of methodological skills required for table tennis, has been modified in accordance with our findings. Based on the results a set of games and exercises customized to the needs of the intellectually disabled individuals has been created. Within the study, we also transformed The Scales for Assessing Coping Skills by Whelan and Speake (1979) from English into Czech language. The transformed scale was used in both groups. The results of this study demonstrated positive development of social indicators within all of the selected areas in the group of children with intellectual disabilities. The whole study has confirmed the importance of physical activity for children in younger school age.

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Section: Motor Skillssupporting

confidence: 65%

The level of physical and social skills after completion of the training program for children aged 9-11

Francová¹

2014

Acta Gymnica

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“…Visual spatial skills and simple reaction time have been found to discriminate between athletes with and without ID ( Van-Biesen, 2010) and within the mainstream literature a number of discrete cognitive skills are also showing evidence of being able to discriminate between experienced and less experienced players (e.g. memory (Williams, Donovan, & Dodge, 2000), reaction time (Brooks, Boleach, & Mayhew, 1987), visual spatial abilities (Kasahara, (2008)).…”

Section: Personality (Traits and States)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of intellectual disabilities on elite sports performance

Burns

2015

International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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Athletes with intellectual disabilities (ID) were re-introduced into the Paralympics in London 2012. As part of this development a classification system had to be established evidencing the impact this impairment has on elite sports performance. This review examines the research behind this issue.Firstly it examines the limited literature comparing the standards reached by top-level athletes with ID with those without disabilities, and then moves on to look at the research demonstrating differences in both the cognitive and physical skills needed for elite performance. The paper then reviews the factors which may be implicated to account for this disparity, from a range of perspectives. A case is made for the importance of looking at this area in terms of the potential for the transferability of research findings from this group to talent identification in mainstream athletes and the benefits of integrating neuropsychological concepts and approaches to understanding the cognitive components behind the development of particular skills associated with high level performance in specific sports. Keywords: Intellectual disabilities, Paralympics, elite performance, cognitive functioning ContextThe place of sport and exercise in the lives of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) has attracted much research in recent years. Much of this has focused on sport and exercise as remedial or preventative activity to combat specific health issues such as obesity and poor physical health. Other research has looked more at the psychosocial impact of improving social networks (Hutzler & Korsensky, 2010) or psychological factors such as increasing self-esteem (Weiss, Diamond, Demark, & Lovald, 2003). However, leading up to and beyond the re-introduction of athletes with ID into the London Paralympics in 2012 there has been an increasing interest in the participation of these athletes in elite competition, and it is this work which will form the focus of this review. The ord Ol pi s a d people ith ID have a long association through the SpecialOlympics. The Special Olympics was originally set up in the US in the late 6 s with the aim to provide training and competition for children and adults with intellectual disabilities. These days it caters to 4.2 million people across the world and includes a programme of unified (disabled and nondisabled) sport. However, within the Special Olympics, although highly successful and bringing benefit to millions of people with ID and their families across the globe, the emphasis is more on participation, empowerment and opportunity than achieving elite performance (Specialolympics.org, 2015). This domain is the remit of another organisation, the International Federation for Para-athletes with Intellectual Disability (INAS). The vision of INAS is ….inspired y a elief that an intelle tual disa ility should not e a barrier to enjoying and being the best in sport. INAS ision is that athletes ith an intelle tualdisability across the World have the opportunity to achieve excellence in sport ...

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“…The 39 male elite TTPs with ID in that study were significantly less proficient than their counterparts without ID in returning services with various spin effects to a fixed target. Based on the results of the study by Van Biesen et al (2010), where athletes without ID reduced their errors significantly between the first and the second ball, a plateau in TAP scores was expected in athletes without ID between the second and last ball. In the present study, however, this plateau was not observed in athletes without ID.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactical proficiency among table tennis players with and without intellectual disabilities

Biesen

Mactavish

Vanlandewijck

2013

European Journal of Sport Science

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The effect of intellectual impairment on sports performance has received limited attention by researchers. As a contribution to closing this gap, the purpose of the present investigation was to examine the differences in tactical proficiency between table tennis players with and without intellectual disabilities (ID). These groups were matched for training-volume and experience and consisted of 41 male (age 02798) and 30 female (age 02898) elite players with ID and a reference group of 12 male (age 024912) and 5 female (age 02099) players without ID. In two different test settings Á one a World Championship and the other a training camp Á the players in each group performed 60 semi-standardised rallies against the same opponent. Players were told that 12 sets of five identical services would be delivered, and their goal was to return the service with the intention of 'winning the point'. The test results were validated for this study, to compute tactical proficiency scores (maximal score of eight points) for each player. A two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significantly lower proficiency scores for players with ID than for those without ID. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that within each series of five rallies, starting with identical services, all participants were able to significantly improve their tactical proficiency gradually, but players without ID scored 4.390.5 from the first ball on, and while athletes with ID only 3.390.7 after five balls. The results of this study indicate that ID is associated with decreased tactical proficiency in table tennis.

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The Ability of Elite Table Tennis Players With Intellectual Disabilities to Adapt Their Service/Return

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

The level of physical and social skills after completion of the training program for children aged 9-11

The level of physical and social skills after completion of the training program for children aged 9-11

The impact of intellectual disabilities on elite sports performance

Tactical proficiency among table tennis players with and without intellectual disabilities

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