The abducens motor and internuclear neurons in the rabbit: retrograde horseradish peroxidase and double fluorescent labeling

Labandeira‐Garcia, Jose L.; Guerra-Seijas, M.J.; Labandeira-García, Javier

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90276-x

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The labeled cells found at the level of the LR motor subnucleus after HRP, FDA, or TRDA application to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus are similar in appearance to those found in experimental studies of the abducens nucleus of goldfish (Torres et al, 1992) and land vertebrates (mammals: Graybiel and Hartwieg, 1974;Gacek, 1977;Steiger and Bü ttner Ennever, 1978;Highstein et al, 1982;Delgado-García et al, 1986b;McCrea et al, 1986;Evinger et al, 1987;Cabrera et al, 1988;Labandeira-García et al, 1989a;birds: Labandeira-García et al, 1987, 1989bCabrera et al, 1989;reptiles: Cabrera et al, 1993;amphibians: ten Donkelaar et al, 1985;Straka and Dieringer, 1991). The number of these lateral abducens internuclear cells in lamprey (approximately 15 cells) is similar to that observed in frogs (approximately 13 cells; Straka and Dieringer, 1991), lower than that of each subgroup of abducens interneurons in goldfish (approximately 27 cells; Cabrera et al, 1991;Torres et al, 1992), and much lower than in turtles (approximately 74 cells; Cabrera et al, 1993), birds (350-400 cells; Labandeira-García et al, 1987;Cabrera et al, 1989), and mammals (Steiger and Bü ttner-Ennever, 1978;Cabrera et al, 1988).…”

Section: On the Lateral Abducens Internuclear Neuronssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The high number of abducens interneurons in birds and mammals roughly parallels the high number of ocular motoneurons in these vertebrates. In several vertebrates, different degrees of intermingling of abducens interneurons and motoneurons have been reported (Steiger and Bü ttner-Ennever, 1978;McCrea et al, 1986;Labandeira-García et al, 1987, 1989aCabrera et al, 1988Cabrera et al, , 1989Cabrera et al, , 1991Cabrera et al, , 1993Straka and Dieringer, 1991). The rostral location of interneurons in the LR motor subnucleus of lampreys is rather similar to that found in chickens and Caspian terrapins (Labandeira-García et al, 1987;Cabrera et al, 1993).…”

Section: On the Lateral Abducens Internuclear Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In land vertebrates, the abducens nucleus consists of two populations of neurons: motoneurons innervating the lateral rectus (LR) muscle and internuclear neurons (mammals: Baker and Highstein, 1972;Gacek, 1977;Steiger and Bü ttner Ennever, 1978;Highstein et al, 1982;Delgado-García et al, 1986a,b;McCrea et al, 1986;Evinger et al, 1987;Cabrera et al, 1988;Labandeira-García et al, 1989a;birds: Labandeira-García et al, 1987, 1989bCabrera et al, 1989; reptiles: Cabrera et al, 1993;amphibians: ten Donkelaar et al, 1985;Straka and Dieringer, 1991). The abducens nucleus (accessory abducens nucleus) also innervates the retractor bulbi muscles where they exist (Bravo and Inzunza, 1987).…”

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Internuclear neurons of the ocular motor system of the larval sea lamprey

et al. 1998

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The internuclear neurons of the ocular motor system of lampreys are characterized here for the first time. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP), fluorescein-, or Texas red-(TRDA) coupled dextran-amine applied into the oculomotor nucleus of larval lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) retrogradely labeled two populations of contralateral abducens interneurons, one lateral and the other periventricular. Tracer application to the abducens nucleus anterogradely labeled thick contralateral fibers that specifically contact the medial rectus motor subnucleus by means of large boutons. Local application of TRDA to this subnucleus allowed identification of the lateral abducens interneurons as the origin of this projection. Electron microscopy of the medial rectus motor subnucleus showed large boutons bearing round synaptic vesicles that contact on the perikarya, as well as small boutons with pleomorphic vesicles. This lateral rectus (abducens) -- medial rectus (oculomotor) internuclear projection of lampreys appears to be similar to those involved in the coordination of horizontal eye movements in mammals. The periventricular abducens interneurons projected bilaterally to other oculomotor subnuclei. Tracer application to the abducens nucleus labeled a group of small interneurons in the ipsilateral dorsal rectus motor subnucleus. Anterograde labeling indicates that oculomotor interneurons project ipsilaterally to the ventral rectus abducens subnucleus, thus, corresponding to oculomotor interneurons found in mammals and frogs. The interneurons of the dorsal rectus and ventral rectus motor subnuclei are probably involved in the control of conjugate vertical eye movements. The present results strongly suggest that the internuclear coordination of conjugate eye movements appeared in the earliest vertebrates. The homologies of extraocular muscles of lampreys and gnathostomes were reexamined.

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Section: On the Lateral Abducens Internuclear Neuronssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: On the Lateral Abducens Internuclear Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Internuclear neurons of the ocular motor system of the larval sea lamprey

et al. 1998

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“…Furthermore, after injections of the oculomo tor nucleus, labelled neurons were found bilaterally in the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus as well as in the contralateral abducens nucleus and the rostral mes encephalon [Labandeira-Garcia et al, 1989a, 1989b, 1990.…”

Section: Injections In the Oculomotor Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, drawings 6-8). It was not possible to distinguish the more rostromedial vestibular neurons from the more lateral abducens interneurons [Labandeira-Garcia et al, 1989a], In more caudal sections, labelled neurons be gan to appear in more dorsolateral and ventrolateral positions, even in the most lateral area of the descend ing vestibular nucleus ( fig. 4A).…”

Section: Injections In the Oculomotor Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of the Vestibular Neurons Projecting to the Oculomotor and Trochlear Nuclei in Rabbits

et al. 1991

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Horseradish peroxidase and Fast Blue were injected into the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei of rabbits so as to study the distribution of vestibular neurons that project to these nuclei. After the oculomotor nucleus was injected, labelled neurons were found in the superior, medial, and descending vestibular nuclei as well as in cell group Y. In the superior nucleus, most of the neurons (510 ± 46) were ipsilateral to the injection, although contralaterally labelled neurons were also observed (104 ± 19) more peripherally. In cell group Y, 186 ± 24 contralaterally labelled neurons were observed, whereas hardly any (8 ± 3) were found on the ipsilateral side. The largest group of labelled neurons (811 ± 65) constituted a neuronal band located contralaterally in the medial nucleus and rostral part of the descending nucleus. This band rostromedially continued with the caudal part of the group of internuclear neurons of the abducens nucleus. Only 190 ± 31 neurons were labelled in the medial and descending nucleus ipsilateral to the injected oculomotor nucleus. After injection of the trochlear nucleus, labelled neurons were found in the ipsilateral superior nucleus and contralateral medial and descending nuclei; a few labelled cells were also observed in the ipsilateral medial and descending nuclei as well as in the contralateral cell group Y.

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Mouse Extraocular Muscles and the Musculotopic Organization of Their Innervation

Bohlen

Bui

Stahl

et al. 2019

The Anatomical Record

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The organization of extraocular muscles (EOMs) and their motor nuclei was investigated in the mouse due to the increased importance of this model for oculomotor research. Mice showed a standard EOM organization pattern, although their eyes are set at the side of the head. They do have more prominent oblique muscles, whose insertion points differ from those of frontal‐eyed species. Retrograde tracers revealed that the motoneuron layout aligns with the general vertebrate plan with respect to nuclei and laterality. The mouse departed in some significant respects from previously studied species. First, more overlap between the distributions of muscle‐specific motoneuronal pools was present in the oculomotor nucleus (III). Furthermore, motoneuron dendrites for each pool filled the entire III and extended beyond the edge of the abducens nucleus (VI). This suggests mouse extraocular motoneuron afferents must target specific pools based on features other than dendritic distribution and nuclear borders. Second, abducens internuclear neurons are located outside the VI. We concluded this because no unlabeled abducens internuclear neurons were observed following lateral rectus muscle injections and because retrograde tracer injections into the III labeled cells immediately ventral and ventrolateral to the VI, not within it. This may provide an anatomical substrate for differential input to motoneurons and internuclear neurons that allows rodents to move their eyes more independently. Finally, while soma size measurements suggested motoneuron subpopulations supplying multiply and singly innervated muscle fibers are present, markers for neurofilaments and perineuronal nets indicated overlap in the size distributions of the two populations. Anat Rec, 302:1865–1885, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy

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The abducens motor and internuclear neurons in the rabbit: retrograde horseradish peroxidase and double fluorescent labeling

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Internuclear neurons of the ocular motor system of the larval sea lamprey

Internuclear neurons of the ocular motor system of the larval sea lamprey

Distribution of the Vestibular Neurons Projecting to the Oculomotor and Trochlear Nuclei in Rabbits

Mouse Extraocular Muscles and the Musculotopic Organization of Their Innervation

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