The a priori approach to psychological assessment.

Carey, Michael P.; Flasher, Lydia V.; Maisto, Stephen A.; Turkat, Ira Daniel

doi:10.1037/0735-7028.15.4.515

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our emphasis on altering characteristic adaptations is broadly consistent with the approach adopted by some therapists operating within a behavior analytic perspective (M. P. Carey, Flasher, Maisto, & Turkat, 1984). Nevertheless, the individual differences perspective contributes the notion that new adaptations should be designed with attention to the patient’s basic tendencies.…”

Section: Trait-informed Treatment Planning: Knowing Where Change Is P...mentioning

confidence: 76%

Individual differences science for treatment planning: Personality traits.

Harkness¹,

Lilienfeld²

1997

Psychological Assessment

196

141

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Evolving ethical, legal, and financial demands require a plan before treatment begins. The authors argue that individual differences research requires the inclusion of personality trait assessment for the construction and implementation of any treatment plan that would lay claim to scientific status.A primer of personality individual differences for treatment planning is presented, including an introduction to constructive realism and major research findings from trait psychology and behavior genetics bearing on treatment planning. The authors present 4 important gains for treatment planning that can be realized from the science of individual differences in personality: (a) knowing where to focus change efforts, (b) realistic expectations, (c) matching treatment to personality, and (d) development of the self.Gone are the days when a therapist could delay planning and simply allow therapy to unfold. Instead, evolving ethical demands (e.g., informed consent), legal demands (e.g., liability management, mandated record keeping), and financial demands (e.g., third-party preapproval) require a plan before treatment begins. In this article, we show that science makes demands as well. The last 40 years of individual differences research require the inclusion of personality trait assessment for the construction and implementation of any treatment plan that would lay claim to scientific status. Science Should Guide Treatment Planning The Fundamental Rule of Treatment PlanningHow should a treatment plan be constructed? What information should it use, and what procedures should it prescribe? We offer a simple and perhaps obvious formula and co-opt Freud's terminology to label it. OUT fundamental rule of treatment planning states that the plan should be based on the best science available.Ethics and laws provide boundaries for the treatment plan, but within those boundaries, science should determine the treatment. In fact, both ethical and legal guidelines converge in placing science in the driver's seat. The American Psychological Association's (1992) Ethical Standard 1.05 demands that psychologists keep up to date on scientific and professional information, and Standard 1.06 requires that psychologists "rely on scientifically and professionally derived knowledge when making scientific or professional judgments" (p. 1600).

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Section: Trait-informed Treatment Planning: Knowing Where Change Is P...mentioning

confidence: 76%

Individual differences science for treatment planning: Personality traits.

Harkness¹,

Lilienfeld²

1997

Psychological Assessment

196

141

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“…If the client can achieve erections under some circumstances, then the assessment process should lead to the development of a comprehensive case formulation (i.e., a working hypothesis of the etiology of the erectile problem). This case formulation should emerge from a careful assessment of the role of the identified psychosocial and lifestyle risk factors in the initiation and maintenance of the ED, and it should lead to the development of a treatment plan (Carey, Flasher, Maisto, & Turkat, 1984). An ongoing goal of assessment is to measure the effectiveness of therapy.…”

Section: Current Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychology's role in the assessment of erectile dysfunction: Historical precedents, current knowledge, and methods..

Ackerman¹

1995

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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Critical issues in human sexuality have changed markedly during the past decade and so have the contributions of psychology to the evaluation and treatment of sexual behavior problems. Some of the greatest challenges facing psychologists today include the increasing emphasis on medical interventions for the male sexual disorders and the relative decline of traditional behavioral sex therapies, the recalcitrance of sexual desire disorders, the prevention of "unsafe" sexual behavior, and the limited understanding of female sexuality. This overview introduces a series of 5 articles that examine these selected critical issues in human sexuality. Guidelines for clinical practice and directions for future research are highlighted.

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