The 5 principles of “Design for Safer Nanotechnology”

Morose, Gregory

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.10.001

Cited by 89 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Changing the size, surface, or structure of a particle may help to control or prevent the ignition of a nano-particle cloud. 11 An 'alternative material' is closely linked to inherent safety (substitution). Using an alternative material that is less harmful reduces the potential risk involved with the previous hazardous material.…”

Section: Reduce the Quantity Minimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemicals involved in nano-powder production may also be an issue and substituting chemicals with one that is less harmful reduces potential hazards and risks involved in production. 11 Functionalization is related to the synthesis of the nano-particle. Adding an additional molecule or atom to the particle may reduce or eliminate the hazard while maintaining the functional properties of the particle.…”

Section: Reduce the Quantity Minimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adding an additional molecule or atom to the particle may reduce or eliminate the hazard while maintaining the functional properties of the particle. 11 This principle may work for biological effects;…”

Section: Reduce the Quantity Minimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Explosibility of micron- and nano-size titanium powders

Boilard

Amyotte

Khan

et al. 2013

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

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Section: Reduce the Quantity Minimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reduce the Quantity Minimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Explosibility of micron- and nano-size titanium powders

Boilard

Amyotte

Khan

et al. 2013

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

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“…This approach combining systematically physico-chemical characterization and biological assessment is particularly recommended in the evaluation of occupational risks in industrial environments or in the context of "safer by design" principles (Morose, 2010). By tightly controlling the physico-chemical features of the industrial SiC particles, pro-inflammatory effect and oxidative stress could be limited.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro cellular responses to silicon carbide particles manufactured through the Acheson process: Impact of physico-chemical features on pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative effects

Boudard

Forest

Pourchez

et al. 2014

Toxicology in Vitro

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Silicon carbide (SiC) an industrial-scale product manufactured through the Acheson process, is largely employed in various applications. Its toxicity has been poorly investigated. Our study aims at characterizing the physico-chemical features and the in vitro impact on biological activity of five manufactured SiC powders: two coarse powders (SiC C1/C2), two fine powders (SiC F1/F2) and a powder rich in iron impurities (SiC I). RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to the different SiC particles and the cellular responses were evaluated. Contrary to what happens with silica, no SiC cytotoxicity was observed but prooxidative and pro-inflammatory responses of variable intensity were evidenced. Oxidative stress (H 2 O 2 production) appeared related to SiC particle size, while iron level regulated proinflammatory response (TNFα production). To investigate the impact of surface reactivity on the biological responses, coarse SiC C1 and fine SiC F1 powders were submitted to different thermal treatments (650 to 1400°C) in order to alter the oxidation state of the particle surface.At 1400°C a decrease in TNF production and an increase in HO  , COO -radicals production were observed in correlation with the formation of a surface layer of crystalline silica. Finally, a strong correlation was observed between surface oxidation state and in vitro toxicity.

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“…Nevertheless, in spite of the increasing interest in such a strategy, the proposed design principles cannot be independent from the evaluation of the performance of 'remediated' ENMs, making the approach attractive for manufacturers. 56 As shown by the MWCNT case study, the intrinsic harmful potential of some nanomaterials can be only in part modulated by material manipulation and therefore to reduce risk, the exposure to such materials must be controlled and reduced.…”

Section: Summary Of Case Studies and Limitations Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact and effectiveness of risk mitigation strategies on the insurability of nanomaterial production: evidences from industrial case studies

Bergamaschi

Murphy

Poland

et al. 2015

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Workers involved in producing nanomaterials or using nanomaterials in manufacturing plants are likely to have earlier and higher exposure to manufactured/engineered nanomaterials (ENM) than the general population. This is because both the volume handled and the probability of the effluence of 'free' nanoparticles from the handled volume are much higher during a production process than at any other stage in the lifecycle of nanomaterials and nanotechnology-enabled products. Risk assessment (RA) techniques using control banding (CB) as a framework for risk transfer represents a robust theory but further progress on implementing the model is required so that risk can be transferred to insurance companies. Following a review of RA in general and hazard measurement in particular, we subject a Structural Alert Scheme methodology to three industrial case studies using ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The materials are tested in a pristine state and in a remediated (coated) state, and the respective emission and hazard rates are tested alongside the material performance as originally designed. To our knowledge, this is the first such implementation of a CB RA in conjunction with an ENM performance test and offers both manufacturers and underwriters an insight into future applications.

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The 5 principles of “Design for Safer Nanotechnology”

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Explosibility of micron- and nano-size titanium powders

Explosibility of micron- and nano-size titanium powders

In vitro cellular responses to silicon carbide particles manufactured through the Acheson process: Impact of physico-chemical features on pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative effects

Impact and effectiveness of risk mitigation strategies on the insurability of nanomaterial production: evidences from industrial case studies

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