The 3-Year Clinical and Functional Course of Schizophrenia Among Individuals With and Without Diabetes at Study Entry

Ascher-Svanum, Haya; Zhu, Baojin; Ernst, Frank R.; Faries, Douglas E.; Jacobson, Jennie G.; Doebbeling, Caroline Carney

doi:10.4088/pcc.v09n0206

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Another important question regarding diabetes is how its management affects schizophrenia outcomes. This question has been addressed by 3-year, prospective, naturalistic study ( n = 594) which showed that the course of schizophrenia did not differ significantly between participants with and without diabetes ( Ascher-Svanum et al, 2007 ). A community study in the USA examined how treatment of diabetes in patients with schizophrenia ( n = 101) compared with that in diabetic patients with no mental illness ( n = 99) ( Dixon et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Are there modifiable risk factors which will reduce the excess mortality in schizophrenia?

Wildgust¹,

Beary

2010

J Psychopharmacol

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The 2009 World Health Organization report on global health risks identifies hypertension, smoking, raised glucose, physical inactivity, obesity and dyslipidaemia, in that order, as being the top six modifiable global mortality risk factors. Patients with schizophrenia have high levels of all these risk factors. There are a small number of studies showing that interventions can improve these, but prospective long-term studies are not available to show their impact on mortality. A number of studies are now supporting the view that patients with schizophrenia may be dying prematurely as they are not gaining access to or receiving the same medical care as the general population. The literature now suggests that low cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength are among the strongest predictors of all-cause mortality in the general population. Smoking is still one of the largest risk factors for premature all-cause mortality. The literature supports the thesis that lifestyle intervention programmes addressing exercise, smoking cessation and compliance with medication are likely to have significant impact on mortality in schizophrenia. It will be important to ensure that all patients with schizophrenia have advocates to ensure appropriate treatment and avoid prejudice, and to establish fitness standards in schizophrenia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Are there modifiable risk factors which will reduce the excess mortality in schizophrenia?

Wildgust¹,

Beary

2010

J Psychopharmacol

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“…The management of diabetes in schizophrenia is less well established than in the general population. However, one study has reported that the management of diabetes in schizophrenia does not alter the course of the illness at 3 years ( Ascher-Svanum et al, 2007 ). A community study showed better control of diabetes in patients with schizophrenia than controls ( Dixon et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The paradox of premature mortality in schizophrenia: new research questions

Wildgust¹,

Hodgson²,

Beary

2010

J Psychopharmacol

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The life expectancy of patients with schizophrenia is reduced by between 15 and 25 years. Those patients dying of natural causes die of the same diseases as in the general population. In 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) identified underlying global risk factors for mortality in the general population. However, there is little evidence in the literature assessing their validity in those with schizophrenia. The WHO report on global health risks (2009) identifies hypertension, smoking, raised glucose, physical inactivity, overweight and obesity, and high cholesterol as the six leading global mortality risk factors. Currently, there are minimal data on the contribution to mortality that these risk factors make in schizophrenia, and their optimum management. Both short and long-term studies are needed to address these gaps. New research has raised important questions about risk balance with regards to ideal body mass, with some studies showing that being overweight is associated with lower all-cause mortality and lower suicide rates. Cardiorespiratory fitness is being recognized as a more powerful predictor of mortality than smoking, hypertension or diabetes in men. However, there are virtually no published data on assessment of fitness levels in schizophrenia. New studies have raised concerns about the quality of physical care for patients with schizophrenia, which is another important avenue of future research. A greater biological understanding of the relationship between these disorders and schizophrenia would inform clinical practice. Low birth weight has been associated with increased risk for schizophrenia, and it will be important to explore this risk factor for both physical and mental health outcomes.

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“…This umbrella review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) [21] and methods for overview reviews recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration [22]. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020 207651), available at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/ prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020207651.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of technology‐based interventions for smoking cessation: An umbrella review and quality assessment of systematic reviews

Mersha

Bovill

Eftekhari

et al. 2021

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Issues. With the advancement and rapid increase in the public's interest in utilisation of Internet and mobile phones, technology-based interventions are being implemented across a range of health conditions to improve patient outcomes. The aim of this review was to summarise findings from systematic reviews that evaluated the effectiveness of technology-based smoking cessation interventions and to critically appraise their methodological qualities. Approach. An umbrella review was conducted using studies identified from a comprehensive literature search of six databases and grey literature. All included systematic reviews were checked for eligibility criteria and quality using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews tool. The level of evidence for each intervention category was assessed, citation matrices were generated and corrected covered area was calculated. Key Findings. Five systematic reviews with a total of 212 randomised controlled trials and 237 760 participants were included. Fourteen intervention approaches were identified and classified into three categories: stand-alone web-based; stand-alone mobile phone-based and multicomponent interventions. Incorporating web and/or mobile-based interventions with face-to-face approach improved the rate of smoking cessation. However, there was no consistent evidence regarding the effectiveness of stand-alone Internet or mobile-based interventions. Implications. Policymakers are recommended to develop strategies that enable health professionals to integrate these approaches with face-to-face smoking cessation support. Health professionals are recommended to be trained and equipped for online and mobile-based interventions. Conclusion. Adding technology-based intervention to face-to-face smoking cessation support improves smoking cessation. Further research is needed to evaluate stand-alone web-based and mobile phone-based interventions. [Mersha AG, Bovill M, Eftekhari P, Erku DA, Gould GS. The effectiveness of technology-based interventions for smoking cessation: An umbrella review and quality assessment of systematic reviews.

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The 3-Year Clinical and Functional Course of Schizophrenia Among Individuals With and Without Diabetes at Study Entry

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Review: Are there modifiable risk factors which will reduce the excess mortality in schizophrenia?

Review: Are there modifiable risk factors which will reduce the excess mortality in schizophrenia?

The paradox of premature mortality in schizophrenia: new research questions

The effectiveness of technology‐based interventions for smoking cessation: An umbrella review and quality assessment of systematic reviews

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