The 3′-nucleotide sequence of an ordinary strain of potato virus S

Foster, Gary D.; Mills, Peter R.

doi:10.1007/bf01702560

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The virus forms minor amounts of two subgenomic RNAs (2.5 and 1.5 kb), which are included in the flexuous virus particles. The smaller subgenomic RNA codes for the CP and the 11-kDa protein [11]. It is proposed that this subgenomic RNA has highly active translation-enhancing leader sequence [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is proposed that this subgenomic RNA has highly active translation-enhancing leader sequence [32]. On the basis of systemic and non-systemic infection in Chenopodium spp., PVS has been classified in two strains namely ordinary strain (PVS O ) and Andean strain (PVS A ) [11,14,30]. However, as suggested recently by Cox and Jones [5], the term PVS A based on molecular characterization be applied strictly to members of the genetically distinct clades and not all isolates to invade Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11262-011-0619-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Iranian Potato virus S isolates

et al. 2011

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Two hundred forty potato samples with one or more symptoms of leaf mosaic, distortion, mottling and yellowing were collected between 2005 and 2008 from seven Iranian provinces. Forty-four of these samples tested positive with double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISA) using a Potato virus S (PVS) polyclonal antibody. Of these 12 isolates of PVS were selected based on the geographical location for biological and molecular characterization. The full coat protein (CP) and 11K genes from 12 PVS isolates were PCR amplified, cloned and sequenced. All 12 PVS isolates showed mosaic symptoms on Nicotiana debneyii and N. tabacum cv. Whiteburly and local lesion on Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa and C. album. The Iranian isolates share between 93 and 100% pairwise nucleotide identity with other PVS(O) isolates. Based on maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis coupled with pairwise identity analysis, we propose 15 genotypes for the PVS(O) strain and 3 genotypes for the PVS(A) strain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Iranian Potato virus S isolates

et al. 2011

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“…The degree of similarity between seven carlaviruses for which sequence information has been reported is shown within the enclosed box. The sequence and distance from the start of the poly(A) tail is shown for chrysanthemum virus B [CVB; Levay and Zavriev, 1991], potato virus M [PVM; Zavriev et al, 1991], lily symptomless virus [LSV; Memelink et al, 1990], Helenium virus S [HeLVS; Foster et al, 1990], potato virus S [PVS; Foster and Mills, 1992;MacKenzie et al, 1989] [sequence in this region is identical in both ordinary and Andean strains of PVS], blueberry scorch virus [BScV; Cavileer et al, 1994] [sequence is present in 3 strains of the virus] and cowpea mild mottle virus (CMMV) (from information reported in this paper); (b) Agarose gel analysis of PCR products generated using Carla-Uni and anchored oligo-d(T) primers on first-strand cDNA generated from RNA isolated from plant material infected with a range of viruses (known carlaviruses, possible carlavimses and viruses of other genera with filamentous particles), as outlined below. Lane A, molecular weight markers (Superladder; Advanced Biotechnologies); lane B, molecular weight markers (kilobase ladder; Gibco BRL).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Contained within this region, was a partial ORF of 19.5K and a 3 ~ terminal ORF of 11.7K, which displayed high similarity with the C-terminal region of the coat protein and the 11K ORFs of two previously sequenced carlaviruses. A comparison of the amino acid sequences of the CMMV ORFs and two carlaviruses, PVS [Foster and Mills, 1992;MacKenzie et at., 1989] and HeLVS [Foster, et al, 1990], showed that CMMV has 56% similarity with PVS and 54% with HeLVS within the coat protein at the amino acid level, and 48% with PVS and 46% with HeLVS over the 11K ORF (Figs. 2B, 2C).…”

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confidence: 99%

A carlavirus-specific PCR primer and partial nucleotide sequence provides further evidence for the recognition of cowpea mild mottle virus as a whitefly-transmitted carlavirus

et al. 1996

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Cowpea mild mottle virus (CMMV) has physicochemical properties typical of carlaviruses, but has remained unclassified due to a number of unusual properties, including no serological cross-reaction with l 8 carlaviruses; production of brush-like inclusion bodies in vivo; and the ability to be transmitted by whiteflies (Bermisia tabaci).In this paper we report the use of a carlavirus specific PCR primer to identify CMMV as a member of the carlavirus group. This is confirmed by nucleotide sequence (958 nucleotides) from the 3' terminal region of CMMV RNA which contains a partial open reading frame (ORF) having high similarity with the coat proteins of other carlaviruses. The sequence also contains an 11.7K ORF at the 3' terminus, containing a 'zinc-finger' motif which is unique to carlaviruses.Cowpea mild mottle virus (CMMV) has physicochemical properties which resemble those of members of the carlavirus group, namely the presence of filamentous particles c. 650 nm in length, consisting of a coat protein of 31-33K and a single-stranded RNA of Mr 2.5 x 10 6 [Jeyanandarajah and Brunt, 1993]. However, unlike other members of the carlavirus group which are transmitted non-persistently by aphids [Foster, 1992], CMMV is unusual in that it is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) [Jeyanandarajah and Brunt 1993]. In addition, CMMV has several other unusual properties compared with other carlaviruses, which include, no serological relationships with 18 recognised members of the carlavirus group, and the induction of unusual brush-like intracellular inclusions in infected plants [Brunt et al., 1983]. It has been suggested that CMMV remain unclassified until the taxonomic significance of these differences have been investigated further [Jeyanandarajah and Brunt, 1993].We report here attempts to develop a rapid and specific identification test for carlaviruses which can also be used to determine whether CMMV and similar unclassified viruses are species of the carlavirus genus. The test is based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers to conserved and unique sequences in carlavirus RNAs.The overall genome organisation of carlaviruses is very similar to that of potexviruses with the virus genes of both genera being arranged (from 5' to 3') as replicase, a triple gene block (25K, 12K, and 7K), and coat protein open reading frame, with extensive similarity at the amino acid level between the equivalent proteins of potex-and carlaviruses. However, in addition to these proteins, carlavirus genomes contain an additional protein encoded by an open reading frame

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“…Sequence analysis of group members has revealed six major open reading frames (ORF). The 3' coding regions of several group members such as potato virus M (PVM) [18], the ordinary strain of potato virus S (PVS °) [5] and lily symptomless virus (LSV) [14] have recently been determined, revealing a triple gene block, of three ORFs of approximately 25 K, 12 K and 7 K upstream from the coat protein (CP) gene. The 3' terminal cistron encodes a protein approximately 11 K in size and it is the presence of this protein that distinguishes carlaviruses from the closely…”

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confidence: 99%

In vivo characterisation of a translational enhancer upstream from the coat protein open reading frame of potato virus S

Turner

Bate

Twell

et al. 1994

Archives of Virology

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The 101 nucleotide region upstream from the ATG of the potato virus S (PVS) coat protein gene was isolated and the effect of this region on the translation of a downstream open reading frame analysed in vivo. Translation was monitored using the reporter genes B-glucuronidase (GUS) and luciferase (LUC). Translational enhancement was assayed transiently using DNA microprojectile bombardment into both leaf and pollen tissue and also by polyethylene glycol mediated transfection of tobacco protoplasts. In both cases the presence of this region resulted in a 2-3 fold increase in translation when compared to reporter expression with synthetic leader and authentic plant leader constructs. Tobacco plants stability transformed with this PVS 101 nucleotide region and downstream GUS gene gave 4 times the level of translation over synthetic leader GUS control plants.

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The 3′-nucleotide sequence of an ordinary strain of potato virus S

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of Iranian Potato virus S isolates

Analysis of Iranian Potato virus S isolates

A carlavirus-specific PCR primer and partial nucleotide sequence provides further evidence for the recognition of cowpea mild mottle virus as a whitefly-transmitted carlavirus

In vivo characterisation of a translational enhancer upstream from the coat protein open reading frame of potato virus S

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