The 3 major types of innate and adaptive cell-mediated effector immunity

The transcriptional repressor HIC1 regulates intestinal immune homeostasis

“…T H 17 cells have been shown to have an important role in host defense to extracellular bacteria and fungi. 50 However, they have also been described as pathogenic in multiple inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, and targeting IL-17A has proven to be an effective therapy. [51][52][53] However, the role of IL-17A in inflammatory bowel disease is controversial.…”

Innate Lymphoid Cells in Cancer

“…In 2008, several laboratories independently identified previously unknown subsets of cells of lymphoid origin, which they referred to as ILCs (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The study of ILCs is an emerging field in immunology that is having a major effect on our understanding of immune responses (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Since their discovery, ILCs have been shown to contribute to defense against infection and wound healing, and recent studies have revealed critical aspects of their differentiation (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

“…The study of ILCs is an emerging field in immunology that is having a major effect on our understanding of immune responses (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Since their discovery, ILCs have been shown to contribute to defense against infection and wound healing, and recent studies have revealed critical aspects of their differentiation (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Unlike adaptive immune cells, ILCs lack rearranged antigen-specific receptors, but react rapidly to a wide range of innate signals (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)28).…”

“…Since their discovery, ILCs have been shown to contribute to defense against infection and wound healing, and recent studies have revealed critical aspects of their differentiation (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Unlike adaptive immune cells, ILCs lack rearranged antigen-specific receptors, but react rapidly to a wide range of innate signals (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)28). ILCs constitute a large family of different subsets, mirroring those of T cells (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

“…Unlike adaptive immune cells, ILCs lack rearranged antigen-specific receptors, but react rapidly to a wide range of innate signals (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)28). ILCs constitute a large family of different subsets, mirroring those of T cells (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Indeed, the striking similarities between ILC and T-cell subsets, in terms of the transcription factors governing their differentiation and the cytokines they produce, led to the suggestion that ILCs are the innate counterparts of T cells (Fig.…”