The 26.5 ka Oruanui eruption, New Zealand: an introduction and overview

Wilson, C. J. N.

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(01)00239-6

Cited by 280 publications

(370 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In the latter case, evidence that an ash layer originally comprised aggregates or ash clusters may come from poor sorting and polymodal grainsize distributions (e.g., Carey and Sigurdsson, 1982;). Occurrences of large AP2 aggregates within widespread ash fall layers derived from eruption clouds or co-PDC clouds associated with some phreatomagmatic and phreatoplinian eruptions may be clastor matrix-supported (Self, 1983;Giordano, 1998;Wilson, 2001;De Rita et al, 2002). Layers of well-sorted, clast-supported AP2 aggregates with lithic or pumice cores have been interpreted as proximal fall deposits at several volcanoes (e.g., Lorenz, 1974;Bednarz and Schmincke, 1990;Houghton and Smith, 1993;Cole et al, 2001).…”

Section: Visual Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of volcanic ash aggregation

Brown

Bonadonna

Durant

2012

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C

228

298

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. (2012) 'A review of volcanic ash aggregation.', Physics and chemistry of the earth, parts A/B/C., 45-46 . pp. 65-78. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce. 2011.11.001 Publisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractMost volcanic ash particles with diameters < 63 µm settle from eruption clouds as particle aggregates that cumulatively have larger sizes, lower densities, and higher terminal fall velocities than individual constituent particles. Particle aggregation reduces the atmospheric residence time of fine ash, which results in a proportional increase in fine ash fallout within 10s km to 100s km from the volcano and a reduction in airborne fine ash mass concentrations 1000s km from the volcano. Aggregate characteristics vary with distance from the volcano: proximal aggregates are typically larger (up to cm size) with concentric structures, while distal aggregates are typically smaller (sub-millimetre size). Particles comprising ash aggregates are bound through hydro-bonds (liquid and ice water) and electrostatic forces, and the rate of particle aggregation correlates with cloud liquid water availability. Eruption source parameters (including initial particle size distribution, erupted mass, eruption column height, cloud water content and temperature) and the eruption plume temperature lapse rate, coupled with the environmental parameters, determines the type and spatiotemporal distribution of aggregates. Field studies, lab experiments and modelling investigations have already provided important insights on the process of particle aggregation. However, new integrated observations that combine remote sensing studies of 2 ash clouds with field measurement and sampling, and lab experiments are required to fill current gaps in knowledge surrounding the theory of ash aggregate formation. Abstract word count: 222

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Section: Visual Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of volcanic ash aggregation

Brown

Bonadonna

Durant

2012

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C

228

298

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“…The embayment re-equilibration technique has been previously applied to two other Oruanui eruption produced about 530 km 3 of moderate-to high-silica rhyolite magma (Wilson, 2001), which was relatively volatile rich (H 2 O = 5.00 wt%, CO 2 = 300 ppm). It is considered to be the largest volcanic eruption in the last 70k years and was estimated to have had a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 8.…”

Section: Comparison To Previous Embayment Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

NanoSIMS results from olivine-hosted melt embayments: Magma ascent rate during explosive basaltic eruptions

Lloyd

Ruprecht

Hauri

et al. 2014

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

110

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“…Large-scale eruptions, particularly those from rhyolitic volcanoes such as Mangakino, Whakamaru, Taupo and Okataina, have probably impacted on biogeography. For example, the late Quaternary Oruanui eruption, which formed Lake Taupo c. 27,000 cal yr ago, ejected more than 1000 cubic kilometres of material, depositing ash from Taranaki to Chatham Island with thicknesses of up to 200 m in central North Island (Pillans et al 1993;Wilson 2001).…”

Section: Taupo-tongariro Volcanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire and slice: palaeogeography for biogeography at New Zealand's North Island/South Island juncture

Trewick

Bland

2012

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

110

135

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A prominent feature of New Zealand biogeography is that species endemicity and diversity is not evenly distributed but shows an alternating pattern of latitudinal variation. Endemicity is generally highest in South Island and northern North Island and low in southern North Island. A prominent landscape feature that is partly correlated with this is Cook Strait, which separates the two main islands of New Zealand and marks the southern boundary of a region that interests biogeographers and geologists alike. This region encompasses a zone of intense tectonic strain related to the transfer of plate convergence via subduction into oblique-slip and strike-slip faulting. We review geological information and provide new palaeogeographic reconstructions of the area that depict changes in the distribution of mountains, the extent to which southern North Island was under the ocean, and the history of marine straits over the last 4 million years. This information is essential for the development of testable biogeographic hypotheses. We find that the Wellington region was formerly connected to the relatively mountainous Marlborough area, and more distant than today from the northern island of the time. Significant topography in the Kaimanawa Range is probably of Early Pliocene age. However, the Ruahine-Tararua ranges and Taranaki-Taupo volcanics have formed since c. 1 Ma. The implications for the biogeography of central New Zealand are considerable in terms of habitat availability for establishment of terrestrial species and opportunities for range shifting of both terrestrial and coastal organisms.

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The 26.5 ka Oruanui eruption, New Zealand: an introduction and overview

Cited by 280 publications

References 71 publications

A review of volcanic ash aggregation

A review of volcanic ash aggregation

NanoSIMS results from olivine-hosted melt embayments: Magma ascent rate during explosive basaltic eruptions

Fire and slice: palaeogeography for biogeography at New Zealand's North Island/South Island juncture

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