The 24‐h frequency‐volume chart in adults reporting no voiding complaints: defining reference values and analysing variables

Abstract

was aimed at discerning the relationships between the FVC variables, gender and age. RESULTSThere was a linear increase in mean 24-h voiding frequency and nocturia in men, from 6.0 and 0.5 in the third decade to 8.5 and 1.6 in those aged > 70 years. Contrary to men, in women the mean 24-h frequency declined slightly in the older decades; it increased from 6.9 in the third to 8.2 in the sixth, declining to 7.8 in those aged > 70 years. Nocturia in women increased linearly, although slower than in men, from 0.7 in the third decade to 1.4 in those aged > 70 years. The mean volume/void decreased significantly in both genders, from 313 to 209 mL in men, and from 274 to 240 mL in women. The mean 24-h volume was 1718 and 1762 mL in men and women, respectively. For both genders there was a strong linear association between 24-h urine production and voided volumes. CONCLUSIONThe volume/void and maximum voided volume decreased significantly with age in both sexes, but more prominently in men. As a result, in men the frequency increased with age, probably reflecting subclinical changes associated with the development of prostatic enlargement. In contrast to men the frequency in women increased initially and decreased in the older groups. A higher 24-h urine production was associated with a higher mean volume/void.

Interpreting variability in population biomonitoring data: Role of elimination kinetics

“…The degrees of variation in urinary volumes in the CDC data set per void and per day are consistent with those previously reported for urinary volume in adults. 18 Although the CDC data demonstrate that creatinine excretion occurs at a more constant rate than urinary volume, there remains some intra-individual variation in creatinine excretion rate both between urinary voids and across days that may influence variation in biomarker concentrations when those concentrations are normalized to creatinine. Finally, other factors such as analytical imprecision can contribute to variation in measured concentrations, although relative errors in high quality analytical work should be relatively small compared with many of the other factors discussed here.…”

A simple pharmacokinetic model to characterize exposure of Americans to Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate

“…The concentration of MEHP is 4.30 mg/l for males and 4.10 mg/l for females (CDC, 2005), so given that a mole of MEHP is 278 g/mole, the UCs are given as 1.5*10 À8 moles/l for both males and females. In a study on the frequency of urination for adults, Van Haarst et al (2004) reported on void frequencies and volumes for 1152 men and women over age 20. They found that the daily void volumes for men and women were 1.718 and 1.762 l, respectively (the specific number of men and women were not provided).…”

Bladder diary measurements in asymptomatic males: Frequency, volume per void, and 24‐Hr volume

“…Similarly, in men over 65 Blanker et al 11 report a 75th percentile of 8.3, and Latini et al 6 report a 75th percentile of 9 and a 95th percentile of 12. Even higher upper normal limits are suggested by mean F 24 s in asymptomatic men 60-69 years old reported by Homma et al 5 of 8.8 and by van Haarst et al 7 of 8.03. In Figures 3 and 4, we compare van Haarst et al's and our plots of relationships to age and V 24 .…”

“…That reference values for F 24 must be adjusted upward as V 24 increases is not unexpected. However, a recently reported 7,8 robust tendency in asymptomatic volunteers for V avg and V max to increase as V 24 increases strongly suggests that reference Vol/Void values should also be adjusted upward as V 24 increases. Therefore, in constructing reference voiding diary values, we will use multiple regression analysis to characterize the relationships asymptomatic male population of Vol/Void and F 24 to both age and V 24 .…”

“…[1][2][3] However, in actual clinical application, the efficacy of the bladder diary is limited by the paucity of normative data to which measurements from patients can be compared. [4][5][6][7] We present bladder diary measurements from asymptomatic adult males to help fill this gap in current knowledge. The measurements we discuss are 24-hr voiding frequency (F 24 ), 24 voided volume (V 24 ), and maximum (V max ), minimum (V min ), and average (V avg ) volume per void (Vol/Void).…”