The 2017 México Tsunami Record, Numerical Modeling and Threat Assessment in Costa Rica

Chacón-Barrantes, Silvia

doi:10.1007/s00024-018-1852-7

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…1 ) and thus is prone to seiches. Past tsunamis have also lasted longer at this station than at other stations considered here (Chacón-Barrantes 2016 , 2018 ; Chacón-Barrantes and Gutiérrez-Echeverría 2017 ). The shock wave created tsunami pulses at every trench along the Pacific Rim over the course of 12 h, which then overlapped with each other explaining the unusually long duration observed for this event Pacific-wide (Lynett et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Impact of the tsunami caused by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai eruption in Costa Rica on 15 January 2022

2023

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Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai had a large eruption (VEI 5–6) on 15 January 2022, which caused a tsunami recorded in all ocean basins. Costa Rica has made many advances in tsunami preparation over the past 9 years since the creation of SINAMOT ( Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo de Tsunamis , National Tsunami Monitoring System), both on watch and warning protocols and on community preparedness. For the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai event, the government declared a low-threat warning, suspending all in-water activities, even though the country did not receive any official warning from PTWC (Pacific Tsunami Warning Center) due to the lack of procedures for tsunamis generated by volcanoes. The tsunami was observed at 24 locations on both the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Costa Rica, becoming the second most recorded tsunami in the country, after the 1991 Limon tsunami along the Caribbean coast. At 22 of those locations along the continental Pacific coast, observations were made by eyewitnesses, including one collocated with the sea level station at Quepos, which registered the tsunami. At Cocos Island (~ 500 km southwest of the continental Costa Rica, in the Pacific Ocean), several eyewitnesses reported the tsunami at two locations, and it was recorded at the sea level station. The tsunami was also recorded at the sea level station on the Caribbean coast. The tsunami effects reported were a combination of sea level fluctuations, strong currents, and coastal erosion, proving that the response actions were adequate for the size of the tsunami. Tsunami preparedness and the largest waves arriving during a dry season Saturday afternoon allowed the large number of eyewitness reports. This event then increased tsunami awareness in the country and tested protocols and procedures. Still, many people along the coast were not informed of the tsunami during the alert due to their remote location, the short notice of the warning, and a lack of procedures for some communities. There is thus still much work to do, particularly about warning dissemination, a direction in which communities should take an active role. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00445-023-01648-x.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Impact of the tsunami caused by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai eruption in Costa Rica on 15 January 2022

2023

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“…The geomorphology of Coronado Bay is similar to that of Tehuantepec shelf, México, where the 2017 tsunami caused trapped waves that lasted for 3 days (Adriano et al 2018;Chacón-Barrantes 2018;Melgar and Ruiz-Angulo 2018). A comprehensive study of these edge waves in Coronado Bay shelf, like the one performed by Melgar and Ruiz-Angulo (2018), is beyond the scope of this paper, but it should be done to have a more accurate threat estimate.…”

Section: Seamounts-central Segmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

A first estimation of tsunami hazard of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica from local and distant seismogenic sources

Chacón-Barrantes

Arozarena-Llopis²

2021

Ocean Dynamics

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Costa Rica has been affected by several local and distant tsunamis in the past, but the historical information is scarce and incomplete. Its Pacific coast stretches for over a thousand kilometers, and tsunami hazard has never been evaluated for its full extent. Numerical modeling of tsunami propagation and inundation is a useful tool to assess tsunami hazard, particularly in cases with limited historical information available. Here, we perform a first estimation of tsunami hazard for the Pacific coast of Costa Rica from seismogenic sources, by numerical propagation of 57 local and distant tsunamis to a depth of 20 m. The results of our study identified tsunami sources that are particularly threatening for Costa Rica and determined locations with higher tsunami hazard. For the analysis, the Pacific coast of Costa Rica was divided into segments and subsegments based on differences in continental slope morphology. Subsegments with higher tsunami heights were Southwest Nicoya Peninsula and West Osa Peninsula, and in a lesser extent North Guanacaste, North Nicoya Peninsula, and Central Pacific. Regions with long and gentle slopes and narrow continental shelf were affected by higher tsunami waves, due to more efficient tsunami energy transmission to the shelf and reduced energy loss while traveling through a narrow shelf. On the opposite, steeper continental slopes reflected most of the tsunami energy, causing smaller tsunami heights nearshore, regardless of the shelf width. Nevertheless, other effects played a major role, like curved coastlines that focused tsunami energy, wave refraction, interference, and trapped edge waves. Distant tsunamis dominated the threat, with tsunamis coming from the Tonga-Kermadec and the Colombia-Ecuador Trenches causing the greatest heights due to directivity, and arrival times of about 15 h and 75 min, respectively. Local tsunamis had short arrival times but a localized impact, mainly at the shoreline in front of the generation region but were also affected by tsunami focusing, wave refraction, and edge waves. Outer rise and Osa sources caused the lowest impact within local sources. These results provide a guide for emergency planners to prioritize coastal locations and tsunami sources for tsunami preparedness actions and warning protocols.

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“…NDBC, 2017;IOC, 2017). Satake, 1988;Mofjeld vd., 2001;Yolsal vd., 2007;Tang vd., 2008;Gusman vd., 2014;Adriano vd., 2018;Chacón-Barrantes, 2018). Ayrıca, güncel çalışmalar sayısal tsunami simülasyonlarında sonlu-fay kayma/yırtılma dağılımının kullanılmasının gözlemsel ve hesaplanan tsunami dalgaları arasındaki uyumun artmasında etkili olabileceğini göstermektedir (Ulutaş, 2013;Yolsal-Çevikbilen vd., 2019).…”

Section: Sayısal Tsunami Simülasyonlarıunclassified

“…(1981) Theuantepec Sismik Boşluğu'nun ya asismik bir zon olduğunu ya da bölgede büyük ve yıkıcı bir deprem oluşma periyodunun oldukça yüksek olduğunu önermiştir. Cocos ve Kuzey Amerika levhalarının arasında yer alan dalma batma zonu, Meksika bölgesinde düşük eğim açılı olup, Orta Amerika kısmında daha dik açıya sahiptir (Ponce vd., 1992 Yagi, 2017;Ye vd., 2017;Adriano vd., 2018;Gusman vd., 2018;Chacón-Barrantes, 2018;Heidarzadeh vd., 2018;Jiménez, 2018;Ramírez-Herrera vd., 2018;Spagnotto vd., 2018;Guo vd., 2019;Song ve Ge, 2019). Chiapas depreminin Tehuantepec (Meksika) bölgesinin sığ kesimlerinde gerilme artışına neden olduğunu ve yakın gelecekte bu bölgede bindirme mekanizmasına sahip, olası büyük bir levha arası depremin (M w >7.9) meydana gelebileceğini göstermektedir (Heidarzadeh vd., 2018;Spagnotto vd., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Deprem Kaynak Mekanizması Parametreleriyle Sayısal Tsunami Simülasyonları: 08 Eylül 2017 Chiapas-Meksika Depremi (Mw 8.2) ve Tsunamisi

Meriç¹,

Yolsal‐Çevikbilen²,

Taymaz³

2020

Yerbilimleri/Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yerbilimleri Uygulama Ve Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi

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Sismolojik gözlem ve verilerin ters çözüm işlemleri ile modellenmeleri, bir depremin kaynak mekanizması çözümünün ve kinematik ve dinamik kaynak parametrelerinin (fay düzlemine ait doğrultu, eğim, kayma açısı, deprem odak derinliği, sismik moment, fay uzunluğu, fay genişliği, maksimum ve ortalama yerdeğiştirme miktarı, gerilme düşümü, kırılma süresi vb) belirlenmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Bu parametreler, daha sonra yapılacak olan diğer çalışmalarda (örn., tsunami simülasyonları vb) giriş parametreleri olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 08 Eylül 2017 tarihinde Chiapas (Meksika) bölgesinde meydana gelen M w 8.2 büyüklüğündeki yıkıcı depremin kaynak mekanizması çözümü ve fay düzlemi üzerinde gerçekleşen kayma/yırtılma dağılımı, telesismik uzaklıklarda kaydedilen uzun periyotlu Pve SH-ve geniş-bantlı P-dalga şekillerinin modellenmesi sonucunda belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, 08 Eylül 2017 Chiapas (Meksika) depreminin çok küçük doğrultu atım bileşenine sahip normal faylanma mekanizmasıyla ve basit yapılı bir kırılmayla 54 km odak derinliğinde meydana geldiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, KB-GD uzanımlı fay düzlemi üzerinde gerçekleşen kırılmanın yaklaşık 125 km fay uzunluğuna ve 55 km fay genişliğine sahip bir alanda meydana geldiği, maksimum yerdeğiştirme miktarının ise yaklaşık olarak _____________________________

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The 2017 México Tsunami Record, Numerical Modeling and Threat Assessment in Costa Rica

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Impact of the tsunami caused by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai eruption in Costa Rica on 15 January 2022

Impact of the tsunami caused by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai eruption in Costa Rica on 15 January 2022

A first estimation of tsunami hazard of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica from local and distant seismogenic sources

Deprem Kaynak Mekanizması Parametreleriyle Sayısal Tsunami Simülasyonları: 08 Eylül 2017 Chiapas-Meksika Depremi (Mw 8.2) ve Tsunamisi

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