The 13 August 2010 catastrophic debris flows after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, China

Xu, Qiang; Zhang, Shuai; Li, Weile; Asch, Th.W.J. van

doi:10.5194/nhess-12-201-2012

Cited by 161 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Hence, large amounts of unconsolidated materials deposited on the steep slopes, which changed the hydrological processes (i.e., infiltration reduced, run-off increased and flow concentration expedited ) in the catchment [6]. Existing research indicates that the combination of steep slope, abundant fragmented materials, and high intensity rainfall naturally leads to the catastrophic debris flows in the earthquake-hit area [2,[42][43][44].…”

Section: Sediment and Flow Connectivity Index Scfimentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Earthquake-Damaged Vegetation after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the Mountainous River Basins, Dujiangyan County

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake destroyed large areas of vegetation in the Baisha River and Longxi River basins, in Dujiangyan County, China. There were several debris flow events in these mountainous river basins after 2008. Currently, these damaged vegetation areas are in various stages of recovery. This recovery vegetation improves the resistance of slopes to both surficial erosion and mass wasting. We introduce a probabilistic approach to determining the relationships between damaged vegetation and slope materials' stability, and model the sediment and flow (hydrological) connectivity index to detect the hydrological changes in a given river basin, using the multi-temporal remote-sensing images to monitor the vegetation recovery processes. Our results demonstrated that the earthquake-damaged vegetation areas have coupling relationships with topographic environment and slope material properties, and can be used to assess the slope material stability. Further, our analysis results showed that the areas with horizontal distance to river OPEN ACCESSRemote Sens. 2015, 7 6809 streams <500 m are areas that actively contribute sediment to the stream channel network, and are main material sources for debris flow processes in one given mountainous basin.

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Section: Sediment and Flow Connectivity Index Scfimentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Earthquake-Damaged Vegetation after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the Mountainous River Basins, Dujiangyan County

et al. 2015

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“…Estimated volumes of debris range from 0.1-2×10 9 (Dai et al, 2011) to 5-15×10 9 m 3 (Parker et al, 2011). During the period 12-14 August 2010, long periods of rainfall resulted in a series of debris flows in the vicinity of Qingping town and Yingxiu City Xu et al, 2012). In Qingping town 95 mm of rain fell in 12 h, and reports suggest this may have been higher in the mountains (Xu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Debris Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the period 12-14 August 2010, long periods of rainfall resulted in a series of debris flows in the vicinity of Qingping town and Yingxiu City Xu et al, 2012). In Qingping town 95 mm of rain fell in 12 h, and reports suggest this may have been higher in the mountains (Xu et al, 2012). This resulted in many debris flows forming simultaneously from the loose landslide material available (Table 5).…”

Section: Debris Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the entire town of Qingping (an area of 140 × 10 4 m 2 ) was buried, 14 people were killed, 33 injured, and > 370 buildings destroyed. In Yingxiu City 162.1 mm of rain fell over 33 h (Xu et al, 2012). It resulted in ∼ 21 individual debris flows which combined and became hyperconcentrated flows, blocking the Minjiang River on the banks of which Yingxiu City stands .…”

Section: Debris Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review Article: Potential geomorphic consequences of a future great (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 8.0+) Alpine Fault earthquake, South Island, New Zealand

Robinson

Davies

2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The Alpine Fault in New Zealand's South Island has not sustained a large magnitude earthquake since ca. AD 1717. The time since this rupture is close to the average inferred recurrence interval of the fault (∼ 300 yr). The Alpine Fault is therefore expected to generate a large magnitude earthquake in the near future. Previous ruptures of this fault are inferred to have generated M w = 8.0 or greater earthquakes and to have resulted in, amongst other geomorphic hazards, large-scale landslides and landslide dams throughout the Southern Alps. There is currently 85 % probability that the Alpine Fault will cause a M w = 8.0+ earthquake within the next 100 yr. While the seismic hazard is fairly well understood, that of the consequential geomorphic activity is less well studied, and these consequences are explored herein. They are expected to include landsliding, landslide damming, dam-break flooding, debris flows, river aggradation, liquefaction, and landslidegenerated lake/fiord tsunami. Using evidence from previous events within New Zealand as well as analogous international examples, we develop first-order estimates of the likely magnitude and possible locations of the geomorphic effects associated with earthquakes. Landsliding is expected to affect an area > 30 000 km 2 and involve > 1 billion m 3 of material. Some tens of landslide dams are expected to occur in narrow, steep-sided gorges in the affected region. Debris flows will be generated in the first long-duration rainfall after the earthquake and will continue to occur for several years as rainfall (re)mobilises landslide material. In total more than 1000 debris flows are likely to be generated at some time after the earthquake. Aggradation of up to 3 m will cover an area > 125 km 2 and is likely to occur on many West Coast alluvial fans and floodplains. The impact of these effects will be felt across the entire South Island and is likely to continue for several decades.

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“…A storm swept over the Mianyuan River Basin from 12 to 13 August 2010. The accumulative rainfall was about 200 mm and the duration was 10 h [7]. According to witnesses, seven debris flows occurred in Qingping Town at 23:45 on 12 August.…”

Section: Debris Flow Events In the Mianyuan River Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation on the Dynamic Characteristics of a Tremendous Debris Flow in Sichuan, China

Chen

Qiu

et al. 2018

Processes

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Abstract:The mega debris flow that occurred on 13 August 2010 in Zoumaling Valley in Mianzhu County, China has done great damage to the local inhabitants, as well as to the re-construction projects in the quake-hit areas. Moreover, it is of high possibility that a secondary disaster would reappear and result in worse consequences. In order to maximize risk reduction of this problem, the local government planned to construct seven debris-resisting barriers across each ditch for mitigation of debris flow hazards in the future. In this paper, the numerical simulation fields of flow velocity, pressure, and mud depth of the Zoumaling debris flow had been computed by using finite volume method software based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The Bingham fluid was chosen as the constitutive model of this debris flow. The debris flow geometry model was a 3D model. The initial conditions, boundary conditions, control equations, and parameters were determined and adjusted by the actual conditions and analyses. The flow field data obtained from numerical simulations were substituted into the finite element software ANSYS. Then the calculations of fluid-solid coupling action between the flow and dam had been done. All these results of simulations and analyses could be the guide and suggestion for the design and construction of prevention engineering of Zoumaling debris flow.

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The 13 August 2010 catastrophic debris flows after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, China

Cited by 161 publications

References 11 publications

Monitoring Earthquake-Damaged Vegetation after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the Mountainous River Basins, Dujiangyan County

Monitoring Earthquake-Damaged Vegetation after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the Mountainous River Basins, Dujiangyan County

Review Article: Potential geomorphic consequences of a future great (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 8.0+) Alpine Fault earthquake, South Island, New Zealand

Numerical Simulation on the Dynamic Characteristics of a Tremendous Debris Flow in Sichuan, China

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The 13 August 2010 catastrophic debris flows after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, China

Cited by 161 publications

References 11 publications

Monitoring Earthquake-Damaged Vegetation after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the Mountainous River Basins, Dujiangyan County

Monitoring Earthquake-Damaged Vegetation after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the Mountainous River Basins, Dujiangyan County

Review Article: Potential geomorphic consequences of a future great (&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;/sub&gt; = 8.0+) Alpine Fault earthquake, South Island, New Zealand

Numerical Simulation on the Dynamic Characteristics of a Tremendous Debris Flow in Sichuan, China

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Review Article: Potential geomorphic consequences of a future great (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> = 8.0+) Alpine Fault earthquake, South Island, New Zealand