The 12 December 2017 Baumgarten Gas Hub Explosion: A Case Study on Understanding the Occurrence of a Large Infrasound Azimuth Residual and a Lack of Seismic Observations

Köch, Karl; Pilger, Christoph; Czanik, Csenge; Bondár, István

doi:10.1007/s00024-020-02549-2

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Geometric ray tracing is a computationally fast method based on high-frequency eikonal and transport approximations (e.g., [54]) which take into account atmospheric specifications and is a reference tool used to study infrasound propagation in the atmosphere (e.g., [55][56][57][58][59]). While geometric ray tracing has some inherent limitations, such as neglecting diffraction and scattering, it provides a robust approximation of infrasound propagation, which can be leveraged towards source localization and atmospheric sounding (e.g., [55,56,60]).…”

Section: Ray Tracingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolating the Source Region of Infrasound Travel Time Variability Using Acoustic Sensors on High-Altitude Balloons

Silber

Bowman

2023

Remote Sensing

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High-altitude balloons carrying infrasound sensor payloads can be leveraged toward monitoring efforts to provide some advantages over other sensing modalities. On 10 July 2020, three sets of controlled surface explosions generated infrasound waves detected by a high-altitude floating sensor. One of the signal arrivals, detected when the balloon was in the acoustic shadow zone, could not be predicted via propagation modeling using a model atmosphere. Considering that the balloon’s horizontal motion showed direct evidence of gravity waves, we examined their role in infrasound propagation. Implementation of gravity wave perturbations to the wind field explained the signal detection and aided in correctly predicting infrasound travel times. Our results show that the impact of gravity waves is negligible below 20 km altitude; however, their effect is important above that height. The results presented here demonstrate the utility of balloon-borne acoustic sensing toward constraining the source region of variability, as well as the relevance of complexities surrounding infrasound wave propagation at short ranges for elevated sensing platforms.

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Section: Ray Tracingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolating the Source Region of Infrasound Travel Time Variability Using Acoustic Sensors on High-Altitude Balloons

Silber

Bowman

2023

Remote Sensing

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Identification of Quarry Blasts Aided by Infrasound Data

Czanik

Kiszely

Mónus

et al. 2021

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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We present our analysis of the detections from the Piszkés-tető, Hungary infrasound array that has been operational since May 2017. We introduce an automatic search method to associate infrasound detections with a preliminary list of explosions detected by the seismic network. Once infrasound detections are associated with seismic events, we relocate the events using both the seismic arrival time and infrasound azimuth observations. We validate our methodology on ground truth events, i.e., explosions confirmed by the mine operators. We demonstrate that seismo-acoustic locations are able to identify the source of explosions even for closely spaced quarries. The discriminative power of the infrasound azimuth is strongest at near-field distances, where local and regional seismic discrimination methods have the most difficulties.

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Evaluating the location capabilities of a regional infrasonic network in Utah, US, using both ray tracing-derived and empirical-derived celerity-range and backazimuth models

Dugick

Blom

Stump

et al. 2022

Geophysical Journal International

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SUMMARY More realistic models for infrasound signal propagation across a region can be used to improve the precision and accuracy of spatial and temporal source localization estimates. Motivated by incomplete infrasound event bulletins in the Western US, the location capabilities of a regional infrasonic network of stations located between 84 - 458 km from the Utah Test and Training Range, Utah, USA, is assessed using a series of near-surface explosive events with complementary ground truth information. Signal arrival times and backazimuth estimates are determined with an automatic F-statistic based signal detector and manually refined by an analyst. This study represents the first application of three distinct celerity-range and backazimuth models to an extensive suite of realistic signal detections for event location purposes. A singular celerity and backazimuth deviation model was previously constructed using ray tracing analysis based on an extensive archive of historical atmospheric specifications and is applied within this study to test location capabilities. Similarly, a set of multi-variate, season and location specific models for celerity and backazimuth are compared to an empirical model that depends on the observations across the infrasound network and the ground truth events, which accounts for atmospheric propagation variations from source to receiver. Discrepancies between observed and predicted signal celerities result in locations with poor accuracy. Application of the empirical model improves both spatial localization precision and accuracy; all but one location estimates retain the true GT location within the 90% confidence bounds. Average mislocation of the events is 15.49 km and average 90% error ellipse areas are 4141 km2. The empirical model additionally reduces origin time residuals; origin time residuals from the other location models are in excess of 160 seconds while residuals produced with the empirical model are within 30 seconds of the true origin time. We demonstrate that event location accuracy is driven by a combination of signal propagation model and the azimuthal gap of detecting stations. A direct relationship between mislocation, error ellipse area and increased station azimuthal gaps indicate that for sparse networks, detection backazimuths may drive location biases over travel time estimates.

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The 12 December 2017 Baumgarten Gas Hub Explosion: A Case Study on Understanding the Occurrence of a Large Infrasound Azimuth Residual and a Lack of Seismic Observations

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Isolating the Source Region of Infrasound Travel Time Variability Using Acoustic Sensors on High-Altitude Balloons

Isolating the Source Region of Infrasound Travel Time Variability Using Acoustic Sensors on High-Altitude Balloons

Identification of Quarry Blasts Aided by Infrasound Data

Evaluating the location capabilities of a regional infrasonic network in Utah, US, using both ray tracing-derived and empirical-derived celerity-range and backazimuth models

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