The (1 − x)BiFeO3–xBaTiO3–Bi(Zn0.5Ti0.5)O3 high-temperature lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with strong piezoelectric properties

Abstract

The structure, microstructure, piezoelectric properties, ferroelectric properties and Curie temperature of (1x )BiFeO 3 -x BaTiO 3 -Bi(Zn 0.5 Ti 0.5 )O 3 +MnO 2 +Li 2 CO 3 ceramics were investigated experimentally by improved solid-state reaction approach. The crystalline structures were examined by X-ray diffractometry. When x = 0.3, the rhombohedral and pseudocubic phases coexist in the ceramic structure. It is considered that the morphotropic phase boundary was formed here. At the same time, the piezoelectric performance d 33 , Curie temperature T C , and depolarization temperature are as high as 184 pC/N, 550°C, 530°C at x = 0.3, respectively. It is worth noting that when x = 0.24, the ceramics have a high T C = 580°C and low dielectric loss tan δ = 1.9%. These results show that the BFBT-BZT system ceramics are applicable ceramics with high piezoelectric properties in high temperature elds.

Hard piezoelectric properties of lead‐free BiFeO3–BaTiO3 ceramics

“…The decrease in average grain size with increasing BT content may be due to the higher melting point of BT (1618°C) than that of BF (1140°C) 54,55 . Similar trends have also been reported for both unmodified and modified BF–BT systems 16,28 …”

“…54,55 Similar trends have also been reported for both unmodified and modified BF-BT systems. 16,28 Ferroelectric/piezoelectric materials can be divided into hard or soft piezoelectrics depending on their physical properties and applications. Hard piezoelectrics exhibit high Q m , high E C , and low dielectric constant (ε r ), while soft ferroelectrics exhibit high k p , high d 33 , high dielectric loss (tan δ), and low E C .…”

“…Figure of merit (FOM = k p × Q m ) for piezoelectric transducers as a function of Curie temperature ( T C ) for undoped and/or doped BiFeO 3 –BaTiO 3 (BF–BT) ceramics, 0.70Bi 1.04 FeO 3 –0.30BaTiO 3 (BF30BT), 26 0.70Bi 1.05 FeO 3 –0.30BaTiO 3 (BF30BT), 24 0.69Bi 1.08 FeO 3 –0.31BaTiO 3 (BF31BT), 27 0.75Bi(Fe 0.98 Mn 0.02 )FeO 3 –0.25BaTiO 3 (BF25–Mn), 25 0.76BiFeO 3 –0.24BaTiO 3 –0.025Bi(Zn 0.5 Ti 0.5 )O 3 + 0.0035MnO 2 + 0.003Li 2 CO 3 (BF24–BZT–MnLC), 28 0.725BiFeO 3 –0.275BaTiO 3 + 0.35 mol% MnO 2 + 0.3 mol% Li 2 CO 3 (BF 27.5 BT–Mn–LC), 29 0.71BiFeO 3 –0.29BaTiO 3 + 0.9 wt% MnO 2 (BF29BT–Mn), 21 0.7BiFeO 3 –0.3BaTiO 3 –0.0035MnCO 3 + 0.002Li 2 CO 3 + 0.4 mol% CuO (BF30BT–Mn–LC–Cu), 30 0.70BiFeO 3 –0.3BaTiO 3 + 0.025BZT + 0.3 mol% Li 2 CO 3 + 0.0035MnO 2 (BF30BTBZT–LC–Mn), 31 0.67BiFeO 3 –0.33BaTiO 3 –0.03Bi(Zn 0.5 Ti 0.5 )O 3 + 0.0035MnCO 3 + 0.004CuO (BF33BT–BZTMn–Cu), 32 0.67BiFeO 3 –0.33BaTiO 3 –0.02BiGaO 3 + 0.0035MnO 2 (BF33BT–BG–Mn), 33 and 0.67BiFeO 3 –0.33BaTiO 3 + 0.35 mol% MnO 2 + 0.01BiScO 3 (BF33BT–Mn–BS) 34 …”

“…20 In BF-BT ceramics, low Q m s of less than 210 were reported. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] In this work, we investigated hard piezoelectric properties in compositions of R-phase region in BF-BT. The unmodified (1 -x)BF-xBT solid solution ceramics with x = 0.20, 0.225, 0.25, 0.275, and 0.30 were prepared.…”

“…A good Q m of ∼220 was reported for BF when a rapid sintering method with a heating rate of 100°C/s was used despite the difficulty of synthesizing single‐phase BF ceramics 20 . In BF–BT ceramics, low Q m s of less than 210 were reported 21–33 …”