Thalamic control of cortical states

Poulet, James F.A.; Fernandez, Laura M. J.; Crochet, Sylvain; Petersen, Carl C. H.

doi:10.1038/nn.3035

Cited by 292 publications

(307 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Thus, in the absence of PV, the functional connectivity of RTN during spontaneous activity would remain unaffected. This result is in line with the observation that PVKO mice do not show spontaneous seizures , despite the fact that the thalamus is key in controlling cortical states (Poulet et al 2012).…”

Section: Functional Connectivity Of Rtn Neurons Is Unchanged In Pvko supporting

confidence: 90%

The calcium-binding protein parvalbumin modulates the firing 1 properties of the reticular thalamic nucleus bursting neurons

Albèri

Lintas

Kretz

et al. 2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Albéri L, Lintas A, Kretz R, Schwaller B, Villa AE. The calcium-binding protein parvalbumin modulates the firing 1 properties of the reticular thalamic nucleus bursting neurons. J Neurophysiol 109: 2827-2841, 2013. First published March 13, 2013 doi:10.1152/jn.00375.2012.-The reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN) of the mouse is characterized by an overwhelming majority of GABAergic neurons receiving afferences from both the thalamus and the cerebral cortex and sending projections mainly on thalamocortical neurons. The RTN neurons express high levels of the "slow Ca buffer" parvalbumin (PV) and are characterized by low-threshold Ca 2ϩ currents, I T . We performed extracellular recordings in ketamine/ xylazine anesthetized mice in the rostromedial portion of the RTN. In the RTN of wild-type and PV knockout (PVKO) mice we distinguished four types of neurons characterized on the basis of their firing pattern: irregular firing (type I), medium bursting (type II), long bursting (type III), and tonically firing (type IV). Compared with wild-type mice, we observed in the PVKOs the medium bursting (type II) more frequently than the long bursting type and longer interspike intervals within the burst without affecting the number of spikes. This suggests that PV may affect the firing properties of RTN neurons via a mechanism associated with the kinetics of burst discharges. Ca v 3.2 channels, which mediate the I T currents, were more localized to the somatic plasma membrane of RTN neurons in PVKO mice, whereas Ca v 3.3 expression was similar in both genotypes. The immunoelectron microscopy analysis showed that Ca v 3.2 channels were localized at active axosomatic synapses, thus suggesting that the differential localization of Ca v 3.2 in the PVKOs may affect bursting dynamics. Cross-correlation analysis of simultaneously recorded neurons from the same electrode tip showed that about one-third of the cell pairs tended to fire synchronously in both genotypes, independent of PV expression. In summary, PV deficiency does not affect the functional connectivity between RTN neurons but affects the distribution of Ca v 3.2 channels and the dynamics of burst discharges of RTN cells, which in turn regulate the activity in the thalamocortical circuit.

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Section: Functional Connectivity Of Rtn Neurons Is Unchanged In Pvko supporting

confidence: 90%

The calcium-binding protein parvalbumin modulates the firing 1 properties of the reticular thalamic nucleus bursting neurons

Albèri

Lintas

Kretz

et al. 2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…S6). A previous study in awake rats showed that desynchronized activity occurred during whisking, as indicated by decreased slow oscillations (∼1 Hz) in somatosensory cortex, and that these effects could be mimicked using high-frequency optogenetic stimulation of thalamo-cortical excitatory neurons (28). These findings support our contention that high-frequency thalamic stimulation may not activate long-range circuits beyond its projected area, even during the awake state, when high-frequency signals (>20 Hz) are transmitted reliably to the cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thalamo-cortical circuits, particularly the somatosensory thalamo-cortical circuits in rodents, are excellent models of longrange projections often studied for their straightforward circuit architecture with monosynaptic excitatory cortical input (25,26). In addition, the thalamus can control cortical states (27)(28)(29) and modulate spontaneous cortical activity based on different cortical states (30,31). These studies suggest that the thalamo-corticothalamic networks are integral to facilitating diverse functional neural integration across the entire brain.…”

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confidence: 99%

Long-range projections coordinate distributed brain-wide neural activity with a specific spatiotemporal profile

Leong

Chan

Gao

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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One challenge in contemporary neuroscience is to achieve an integrated understanding of the large-scale brain-wide interactions, particularly the spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity that give rise to functions and behavior. At present, little is known about the spatiotemporal properties of long-range neuronal networks. We examined brain-wide neural activity patterns elicited by stimulating ventral posteromedial (VPM) thalamo-cortical excitatory neurons through combined optogenetic stimulation and functional MRI (fMRI). We detected robust optogenetically evoked fMRI activation bilaterally in primary visual, somatosensory, and auditory cortices at low (1 Hz) but not high frequencies (5-40 Hz). Subsequent electrophysiological recordings indicated interactions over long temporal windows across thalamo-cortical, cortico-cortical, and interhemispheric callosal projections at low frequencies. We further observed enhanced visually evoked fMRI activation during and after VPM stimulation in the superior colliculus, indicating that visual processing was subcortically modulated by low-frequency activity originating from VPM. Stimulating posteromedial complex thalamo-cortical excitatory neurons also evoked brain-wide bloodoxygenation-level-dependent activation, although with a distinct spatiotemporal profile. Our results directly demonstrate that lowfrequency activity governs large-scale, brain-wide connectivity and interactions through long-range excitatory projections to coordinate the functional integration of remote brain regions. This low-frequency phenomenon contributes to the neural basis of long-range functional connectivity as measured by resting-state fMRI.fMRI | optogenetic | brain connectivity | low frequency | thalamus T he brain is a highly complex, interconnected structure with parallel and hierarchical networks distributed within and between neural systems (1, 2). This integrative architecture dictates the underlying principles of how brain-wide neural connectivity supports and organizes sensory, behavioral, and cognitive processes (3). Recent advances in structural (2, 4) and functional connectivity (5-12) mapping, as well as neural circuit modulatory tools, such as optogenetics (13, 14), permit detailed, high-resolution neural examinations at unprecedented scales. In particular, functional connectivity mapping using resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) produces noninvasive visualization of slow and spontaneous hemodynamic fluctuations in humans (5-9) and animals (10-12). Coherent low-frequency (<1 Hz) fluctuations across functionally coupled, large-scale networks is an intriguing property, although the exact underlying neural bases and functional significance remain unclear. Previous studies integrating large-scale electrical recordings, voltage-sensitive dye (VSD), and Ca 2+ -imaging techniques (15-18) support the hypothesis that slow, oscillating neural activity constrains and elicits these hemodynamic fluctuations. Furthermore, low-frequency activity can temporally synchronize remote brain region...

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“…SWs emerge spontaneously in the neocortex, even after cortical de-afferentation 51 , but can also be elicited by optogenetic manipulation of TRN and thalamocortical neurons 52,53 suggesting that thalamic input shapes SW expression 22 . In contrast, spindle frequency rhythms are seen in the isolated TRN 54,55 , but not in the isolated cortex or other thalamic nuclei 55,56 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination of Slow Waves With Sleep Spindles Predicts Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Schizophrenia

Demanuele

Bartsch

Baran

et al. 2016

Sleep

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms Demanuele et al., 2016 1 This study is not a clinical trial. Demanuele et al., 2016 3 Coordination of Slow Waves with Sleep Spindles Predicts Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Schizophrenia AbstractStudy Objectives: Schizophrenia patients have correlated deficits in sleep spindle density and sleep-dependent memory consolidation. In addition to spindle density, memory consolidation is thought to rely on the precise temporal coordination of spindles with slow waves (SWs). We investigated whether this coordination is intact in schizophrenia and its relation to motor procedural memory consolidation.Methods: Twenty-one chronic medicated schizophrenia patients and 17 demographicallymatched healthy controls underwent two nights of polysomnography with training on the finger tapping motor sequence task (MST) on the second night and testing the following morning. We detected SWs (0.5-4Hz) and spindles during non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep. We measured SW-spindle phase-amplitude coupling and its relation with overnight improvement of MST performance.Results: Patients did not differ from controls in the timing of SW-spindle coupling. In both groups spindles peaked during the SW upstate. For patients only, the later in the SW upstate that spindles peaked and the more reliable this phase relationship, the greater the overnight MST improvement.Regression models that included both spindle density and SW-spindle coordination predicted overnight improvement significantly better than either parameter alone suggesting that both contribute to memory consolidation.Conclusions: Schizophrenia patients show intact spindle-SW temporal coordination and these timing relationships, together with spindle density, predict sleep-dependent memory consolidation.These relations were seen only in patients suggesting that their memory is more dependent on optimal spindle-SW timing, possibly due to reduced spindle density. Interventions to improve memory may need to both increase spindle density and optimize the coordination of NREM oscillations.

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Thalamic control of cortical states

Cited by 292 publications

References 15 publications

The calcium-binding protein parvalbumin modulates the firing 1 properties of the reticular thalamic nucleus bursting neurons

The calcium-binding protein parvalbumin modulates the firing 1 properties of the reticular thalamic nucleus bursting neurons

Long-range projections coordinate distributed brain-wide neural activity with a specific spatiotemporal profile

Coordination of Slow Waves With Sleep Spindles Predicts Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Schizophrenia

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