Texture Evolution in Metallic Materials During Additive Manufacturing: A Review

Suwas, Satyam; Vikram, R.J.

doi:10.1007/s41403-021-00271-6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Furthermore, AM-processed material typically exhibits a textured microstructure, with grains in cubic materials being preferentially oriented in the <100> directions perpendicular to the substrate. This preference is due to the lower, close-packed density of this direction, which promotes faster growth than other crystallographic directions [21,31,32]. The <110> fiber texture was also observed in some materials, for instance, in 316L stainless steel [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nanostructuring of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Using High-Pressure Torsion Technique: An X-ray Line Profile Analysis Study

Gubicza,

Mukhtarova,

Kawasaki

2024

Materials

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Experiments were conducted to reveal the nanostructure evolution in additively manufactured (AMed) 316L stainless steel due to severe plastic deformation (SPD). SPD-processing was carried out using the high-pressure torsion (HPT) technique. HPT was performed on four different states of 316L: the as-built material and specimens heat-treated at 400, 800 and 1100 °C after AM-processing. The motivation for the extension of this research to the annealed states is that heat treatment is a usual step after 3D printing in order to reduce the internal stresses formed during AM-processing. The nanostructure was studied by X-ray line profile analysis (XLPA), which was completed by crystallographic texture measurements. It was found that the as-built 316L sample contained a considerable density of dislocations (1015 m−2), which decreased to about half the original density due to the heat treatments at 800 and 1100 °C. The hardness varied accordingly during annealing. Despite this difference caused by annealing, HPT processing led to a similar evolution of the microstructure by increasing the strain for the samples with and without annealing. The saturation values of the crystallite size, dislocation density and twin fault probability were about 20 nm, 3 × 1016 m−2 and 3%, respectively, while the maximum achievable hardness was ~6000 MPa. The initial <100> and <110> textures for the as-built and the annealed samples were changed to <111> due to HPT processing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nanostructuring of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Using High-Pressure Torsion Technique: An X-ray Line Profile Analysis Study

Gubicza,

Mukhtarova,

Kawasaki

2024

Materials

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“…Combining metals and alloys with AM processes gives designers great power to influence and tailor the properties of the end-use product according to their needs [3]. The mechanical behavior of an element is primarily affected by its texture, which further depends on process parameters such as the beam speed, beam power, and heat source during MAM [97]. To improve the wear resistance of a titanium alloy, Wang and Wang [98] used a laser cladding process to coat the substrate titanium alloy with a Ti2Ni3Si-reinforced intermetallic.…”

Section: Metal Alloy-based Mmammentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Multiplicity in Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing: Process, Capability, Scale, and Structure

et al. 2023

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has experienced exponential growth over the past two decades and now stands on the cusp of a transformative paradigm shift into the realm of multi-functional component manufacturing, known as multi-material AM (MMAM). While progress in MMAM has been more gradual compared to single-material AM, significant strides have been made in exploring the scientific and technological possibilities of this emerging field. Researchers have conducted feasibility studies and investigated various processes for multi-material deposition, encompassing polymeric, metallic, and bio-materials. To facilitate further advancements, this review paper addresses the pressing need for a consolidated document on MMAM that can serve as a comprehensive guide to the state of the art. Previous reviews have tended to focus on specific processes or materials, overlooking the overall picture of MMAM. Thus, this pioneering review endeavors to synthesize the collective knowledge and provide a holistic understanding of the multiplicity of materials and multiscale processes employed in MMAM. The review commences with an analysis of the implications of multiplicity, delving into its advantages, applications, challenges, and issues. Subsequently, it offers a detailed examination of MMAM with respect to processes, materials, capabilities, scales, and structural aspects. Seven standard AM processes and hybrid AM processes are thoroughly scrutinized in the context of their adaptation for MMAM, accompanied by specific examples, merits, and demerits. The scope of the review encompasses material combinations in polymers, composites, metals-ceramics, metal alloys, and biomaterials. Furthermore, it explores MMAM’s capabilities in fabricating bi-metallic structures and functionally/compositionally graded materials, providing insights into various scale and structural aspects. The review culminates by outlining future research directions in MMAM and offering an overall outlook on the vast potential of multiplicity in this field. By presenting a comprehensive and integrated perspective, this paper aims to catalyze further breakthroughs in MMAM, thus propelling the next generation of multi-functional component manufacturing to new heights by capitalizing on the unprecedented possibilities of MMAM.

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“…Also, the fundamentals of microstructure and texture evolution in some common structural materials such as steels, nickel‐based superalloys (NBSAs), and Ti alloys processed by LPBF have been reviewed by Suwas and Vikram. [ 11 ] The aforementioned reviews show that knowledge of the influence of other process parameters especially parameters that affect heat input and thermal history during the LPBF process in the effort to control texture is still lacking and yet to be presented. To address this gap and further add knowledge to the LPBF control of crystallographic texture, this review will take the following form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Crystallographic Texture Orientation in Structural Materials Using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process—A Review

Cobbinah,

Matsunaga,

Yamabe-Mitarai

2023

Adv Eng Mater

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Advantages of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process over conventional processing methods include microstructural control capability and complex geometry parts fabrication. For most alloys, the microstructure‐property relationship typically guides the LPBF process toward achieving application‐specific properties. Nonetheless, the LPBF process produces a high degree of anisotropy, primarily from the epitaxial preferred grain growth mechanisms during solidification and the consequent highly textured microstructures produced. The crystallographic texture‐controlled build concept through the LPBF process is a material design and processing approach gaining a lot of interest because of the promising unique and superior properties offered by the anisotropy accompanying the LPBF process. The numerous attempts at intentional texture‐controlled building or parts fabrication from structural materials using the LPBF process warrant an up‐to‐date review. Thus, this review presents solidification mechanisms that influence texture evolution during the LPBF process such as the melting mode, melt pool shape, influence of thermal gradient, and solidification rate. Furthermore, this review delves into the influence of LPBF process parameters on texture, accompanying microstructural evolution, and the intentional control of texture effects on properties such as mechanical, corrosion, and oxidation resistance.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Texture Evolution in Metallic Materials During Additive Manufacturing: A Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

Nanostructuring of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Using High-Pressure Torsion Technique: An X-ray Line Profile Analysis Study

Nanostructuring of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Using High-Pressure Torsion Technique: An X-ray Line Profile Analysis Study

A Review on Multiplicity in Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing: Process, Capability, Scale, and Structure

Controlled Crystallographic Texture Orientation in Structural Materials Using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process—A Review

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