Textural characterisation of graphite matrices using electrochemical methods

Calas‐Blanchard, Carole; Comtat, Maurice; Marty, Jean‐Louis; Mauran, Sylvain

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(02)00269-5

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Esta corrente capacitiva, medida em velocidades de varredura diferentes, permite a determinação direta da superfície de contato entre o eletrólito e a condução eletrônica. O método proposto requer condições de eletrólise total (elevada relação superfície/volume do eletrodo poroso) sem transferência de massa por convecção [1,41,42,43,44] .…”

Section: Condutânciaunclassified

“…A escolha deste intervalo de velocidade deve-se à obtenção da corrente estacionária, o que facilita o cálculo da área superficial [1] .…”

Section: Materiais E Equipamentosunclassified

“…To sum up, the combined use of EIS and CV techniques is a valuable tool for the calculation of active surface areas of carbonbased electrodes. [1,2,3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diferentemente dos métodos anteriormente citados, nos quais os materiais estão em contato com um gás, nestas duas técnicas eletroquímicas os materiais estão em contato com uma solução eletrolítica [1,14,15] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A EIE é uma técnica eletroanalítica onde se aplica um potencial de [1] ;  A região da Dupla Camada Elétrica (DCE) é determinada com o intervalo entre os picos de redução e oxidação do eletrólito [1,41-44, 55, 56] ;  Tempo do ensaio depende da velocidade de varredura [1] ;  Em caso de perturbações no ensaio os pontos obtidos serão do potencial de equilíbrio [1,17,21,22] ;  Requer elevada relação superfície/volume do eletrodo poroso [1] ; Impedância  Utilização de sinais muitos pequenos que não perturbam as propriedades do eletrodo [15,[45][46][47] ;  Possibilidade de estudar reações Redox e medir as taxas destas reações em meios de baixa condutividade [15, 45-47, 49, 50] ;  A resistência de polarização e a capacitância da dupla camada podem ser determinadas numa mesma medida [15, 45-47, 49, 50] ;  A cinética eletródica é determinada por outros métodos [15,[45][46][47] ; BET  Determinação acurada da área superficial da amostra, independe da morfologia da partícula [9,10,35,37] ;  Depende da massa da amostra, precisa de um tamanho pré-determinado da amostra [9,10,35,37] ; Oxidação do CO  Permite determinar a área superficial ativa dos eletrodos das CaC [12,13,39,40,48] ;  Este método permite determinar a área superficial dos eletrodos das CaC, mas somente dos eletrocatalisadores metálicos, aplicação esta relacionada com muitas incertezas [12,39,40,48] ;…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Uso da voltametria cíclica e da espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica na determinação da área superficial ativa de eletrodos modificados à base de carbono

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Section: Condutânciaunclassified

“…A escolha deste intervalo de velocidade deve-se à obtenção da corrente estacionária, o que facilita o cálculo da área superficial [1] .…”

Section: Materiais E Equipamentosunclassified

“…To sum up, the combined use of EIS and CV techniques is a valuable tool for the calculation of active surface areas of carbonbased electrodes. [1,2,3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Uso da voltametria cíclica e da espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica na determinação da área superficial ativa de eletrodos modificados à base de carbono

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Electrical Conductivity of Hydrophobized Electrodes Fabricated from Thermally Expanded Graphite and Their Activity in Electroreduction of Oxygen

et al. 2005

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Intercalation compounds of GT-1 and GAK-3 graphites were electrically synthesized in concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids. Porous composite samples based on thermally expanded graphite produced from electrochemically synthesized GT-1 graphite hydrosulfate, chemically synthesized GSM-1 graphite nitrate, and fluoroplastic-4D (1315 wt %), with a volume density of 650 31090 g l !2 , were fabricated and studied.Studies concerned with power cells pay a considerable attention to development and testing of new materials for electrodes to be used, in particular, in fuel cells. It is known that thermally expanded graphite (TEG) and articles made of this material possess a number of unique properties: high porosity, electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability; manufacturability and ductility; and possibility of fabrication of complex-shaped articles from this material [133]. This circumstance, combined with the comparatively low cost of TEG, makes it a promising material for electrochemical systems. For example, it has been suggested to use TEG for improving the distribution of gas reagents in electrodes of fuel cells [4]. It has been shown that making the current collector of TEG improves parameters of fuel cells [5]. Use of modified TEG in the electrodes of electrochemical sensors for methanol has been studied [6]. Oxidation of peroxide and glucose has been examined on an electrode made of TEG modified with cobalt phthalocyanine [7]. It has been demonstrated that the electrochemical parameters of TEG depend on whether or not oxygen functional groups are present on its surface [8]. The possibility of phenol electrooxidation on TEG has been analyzed [9].Of interest in this context is to study a composite based on TEG and fluoroplastic, which shows a considerable hydrophobicity and chemical inertness at temperatures of up to 400oC. This composite can also be used to fabricate hydrophobized electrodes, which makes it possible to markedly raise the rate of electrochemical processes [10, 11].The aim of the present study was to examine the influence exerted by the composition of a porous composite TEG3fluoroplastic on its electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity in oxygen reduction in aqueous electrolytes. EXPERIMENTALGraphite intercalation compounds yielding TEG upon a thermal shock were obtained using electrochemical intercalation of acids. This method enables easy control over the degree of intercalation of acids into graphite and makes it possible to obtain intercalation compounds at lower acid concentrations without admixture of oxidizing agents [12]. For example, electrolysis in sulfuric [13315], nitric [16], and formic [17] acids has been described.The electrosynthesis was performed in a cylindrical glass electrolyzer with a thermostated jacket 1 and a horizontal position of the electrodes (Fig. 1). Onto the bottom electrode (anode) 2, having the form of a fine-mesh platinum grid on a porous glass partition 3, was placed a weighed portion 4 of graphite. A polypropylene diaphragm 5 ma...

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Textural characterisation of graphite matrices using electrochemical methods

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Uso da voltametria cíclica e da espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica na determinação da área superficial ativa de eletrodos modificados à base de carbono

Uso da voltametria cíclica e da espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica na determinação da área superficial ativa de eletrodos modificados à base de carbono

Supercapacitors: Old Problems and New Trends

Electrical Conductivity of Hydrophobized Electrodes Fabricated from Thermally Expanded Graphite and Their Activity in Electroreduction of Oxygen

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