Textsoziologie

Inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate induced Ca2+ release and excitation–contraction coupling in atrial myocytes from normal and failing hearts

“…Elementary IP 3 R-mediated Ca 2+ release events (Ca 2+ puffs) were recorded in permeabilized atrial cells after stimulation with IP 3 (D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, hexapotassium salt; Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK) and inhibition of RyR-mediated Ca 2+ release with tetracaine (4 mM; 'Ca 2+ puff protocol'; Zima & Blatter, 2004).…”

“…Tovey et al 2001) have been observed in a variety of cell types including atrial myocytes. In cat atrial myocytes their amplitude has been reported to be 70-80% smaller, the duration three to four times longer and the rise time approximately twofold longer than RyR-mediated Ca 2+ release events (Ca 2+ sparks; Zima & Blatter, 2004). In order to quantify Ca 2+ puffs from rabbit atrial myocytes, localized non-propagating elementary Ca 2+ release events were recorded in permeabilized left atrial myocytes from normal ( Fig.…”

The Standard of Living of Soviet Industrial Workers in the Immediate Postwar Period, 1945-1948

“…This circumstance is explained by their very low wages, itself a consequence of their insuf® cient skills. 58 Trade union reports m ake it clear that the problem was more or less nationwide. Many juveniles go days on end without seeing a hot meal, are badly exhausted, and un® t to work.…”

“…W orking and housing conditions, combined with the almost total unavailability of proper clothing, also played a major role. 79 The problems were compounde d by the general lack of protective clothing and, especially for youn g workers, even a change of underwear. Factory after factory reported serious and protracted shortages of soap, which made a m ockery of the health education campaigns run in some factory newspapers, stressing the need for workers to wash their hands after using the toilet and before preparing food.…”

Einführung in die Synchronisation in Datenbank- Systemen / Introduction to process synchronization in database systems

“…In Betriebssystemen gibt es im wesentlichen zwei Klassen von Synchronisations-Problemen, und zwar den wechselseitigen Ausschluß ("Sperrsynchronisation" [27]) und die Kooperation zwischen Prozessen ("Zustandssynchronisation" [27]/"Synchronisation" [13]). Die in den heutigen Betriebssystemen vorgesehenen Mechanismen für den wechselseitigen Ausschluß sind für Datenbank-Systeme im allgemeinen nicht ausreichend, da sie ursprünglich weder für eine so große Anzahl potentiell -und ggf.…”