Textile chemical finish dermatitis

Hatch, Kathryn L.; Maibach, Howard I.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1986.tb01145.x

Cited by 65 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…For example, Hatch and Maibach (1986) reported that chemicals added to cloth in 10 finish categories (dye, wrinkle resistance, water repellency, soil release, etc.) caused irritation and allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis exacerbation, and urticarial and phototoxic skin responses.…”

Section: Percutaneous Absorption From Chemicals In Clothingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Agricultural Chemical Percutaneous Absorption and Decontamination

Chan

Zhai

Wester

et al. 2010

Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology

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Section: Percutaneous Absorption From Chemicals In Clothingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Agricultural Chemical Percutaneous Absorption and Decontamination

Chan

Zhai

Wester

et al. 2010

Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology

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“…Polyoxymethylene Urea is also used in the manufacture of textiles, most commonly wrinkle-resistant clothing fabrics (Marcussen, 1962;Hatch and Maibach, 1986).…”

Section: Noncosmetic Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Polyoxymethylene Urea

1995

Journal of the American College of Toxicology

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Polyoxymethylene Urea is a variable molecular weight polymer formed in stages from the condensation reaction of urea with formaldehyde. It is used in a wide range of cosmetic formulations as a bulking agent and to form the outer shell of microcapsules. Because of the nature of the polymerization process, residual formaldehyde is present at levels typically between 17 and 30 ppm. Polyoxymethylene Urea shows low toxicity. The oral LD5, in rats was 10 glkg for the bulk material and 20 gikg when the microcapsule form was used. Polyoxymethylene Urea was a mild skin irritant and caused mild, transient ocular irritation in rabbits. Ames tests were negative for mutagenesis. Clinical data showed no irritation or sensitization. On the basis of the data, it is concluded that Polyoxymethylene Urea is safe for use as a cosmetic ingredient. A previous determination, however, that the concentration of free formaldehyde in cosmetic formulations should not exceed 0.2% was considered appropriate for this ingredient as well. Likewise, the previous finding that the safety of formaldehyde was not ensured in cosmetic products intended to be aerosolized is extended to this ingredient.

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“…The fabrics were first washed 5 times with a powder detergent at 95°C to remove the chemical finishes that might have been present on the fabric and cause textile dermatitis [12]. They were subsequently washed with the same detergent in a normal cycle at 60°C and line dried, or washed with the same detergent and softened by rinse-added liquid fabric softener (Lenor April Fresh) and line dried.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Softened Fabrics on Atopic Skin

et al. 2001

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There is general concern about the possible cutaneous adverse effects of wearing garments treated with household laundry products, particularly on atopic skin. Our objective was to compare softened and non- softened fabrics in a forearm wet and dry test, under conditions simulating real-life conditions. Twenty atopic volunteers entered a single-blind 12-day (3 sessions per day) forearm wetting and drying test. Cotton fabrics were machine washed and liquid fabric conditioner was added or not to the final rinse. To simulate conditions of skin damage, a dilute solution of sodium lauryl sulphate was applied under occlusion to the forearm of each volunteer before the start of the study. Skin effects were evaluated by visual grading (redness, dryness and smoothness), squamometry and in vivo instrumental measurements (capacitance, transepidermal water loss and colorimetry). Rubbing of atopic skin with fabrics generally resulted in discrete to moderate alterations of the structure of the stratum corneum. Both for control and pre-irritated skin, all measured parameters indicated that softened fabric was less aggressive to the skin than unsoftened fabric. In the case of pre-irritated skin, the recovery of the skin was significantly faster when rubbed with softened than with unsoftened fabrics. In conclusion, softened fabrics help mitigate the skin condition in atopic patients.

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Textile chemical finish dermatitis

Cited by 65 publications

References 51 publications

Agricultural Chemical Percutaneous Absorption and Decontamination

Agricultural Chemical Percutaneous Absorption and Decontamination

Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Polyoxymethylene Urea

Beneficial Effects of Softened Fabrics on Atopic Skin

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