Tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria from the blue-ringed octopus Octopus maculosus

Hwang, Deng‐Fwu; Arakawa, Osamu; Saitô, Toshio; Noguchi, Tamao; Simidu, Usio; Tsukamoto, Keizou; Shida, Yasuo; Hashimoto, Kanehisa

doi:10.1007/bf00391147

Cited by 112 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Following these pioneering studies, we have investigated the distribution of TTX in aquatic organisms, and detected TTX and/or its derivatives in ribbon worms (Ali et al 1990;Miyazawa et al 1988;Noguchi et al 1991), toxic xanthid crabs (Arakawa et al 1994a), Bangladeshi tree frogs , necrophagous marine snails (Taniyama et al 2009a), and so forth. In addition, almost at the same time when Yasumoto et al (1986) found TTX production by marine bacteria, we detected a TTX producing ability in marine bacteria including Vibrio that was separated from several species of TTXbearing organisms (Hwang et al 1989;Kungsuwan et al 1988;Noguchi and Arakawa 2008;Noguchi et al 1986aNoguchi et al , 1987a. As some examples of a series of such studies, we would like to introduce the separation of TTX derivatives from A. floridus inhabiting Kojima Islet of Ishigaki Island, Okinawa (Arakawa et al 1994a), toxicity and toxin profile of the necrophagous marine snail N. glans (Taniyama et al 2009a), and detection of TTX in cultured cells of marine bacteria (Noguchi and Arakawa 2008).…”

Section: -1 Detection Of Ttx or Its Derivatives In Several Aquatic mentioning

confidence: 58%

Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation　Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions

Arakawa¹,

Takatani²,

Taniyama³

et al. 2017

Aqua-BioSci. Monogr. (ABSM)

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Keywordsunit) is defined as the amount of toxin required to kill a 20-g male mouse within 30 min after intraperitoneal administration], and the minimum lethal dose (MLD) for humans is estimated to be approximately 10000 MU (ª2 mg) (Noguchi and Ebesu 2001).The main symptoms of human intoxication include numbness of lips, tongue and the limbs, paresthesia, dysarthria, respiratory distress, and death is caused by respiratory failure in the most critical cases (Noguchi and Ebesu 2001). According to Toda et al. (2012), 651 incidents of TTX poisoning due to pufferfish have occurred in Japan, involving 976 patients and 56 deaths during the 22 years from 1989 to 2010. Many cases occurred during the winter season in coastal prefectures of the Seto Inland Sea, with "komonfugu" Takifugu poecilonotus, "mafugu" Takifugu porphyreus, "higanfugu" Takifugu pardalis, "shosaifugu" Takifugu Abstract Our many years of studies have provided a lot of information regarding distribution, accumulation mechanism, and physiologic functions of the natural toxins harbored by pufferfish. We detected tetrodotoxin (TTX) and/or its derivatives in several species of aquatic organisms including marine bacteria. This, along with the fact that pufferfish became non-toxic when they were reared with non-toxic feed, indicated that the toxification of pufferfish is of exogenous origin. Subsequently, we revealed by various TTX administration experiments using non-toxic cultured pufferfish that the TTX administered into the muscle or digestive tract rapidly transferred to the liver and skin, and that the toxin transfer to the gonads was largely different between male and female, suggesting the involvement of maturation in the internal kinetics of TTX. On the other hand, we visualized micro-distribution of TTX in the tissues of various TTX-bearing organisms using an immunohistochemical technique, giving a crucial insight to elucidate physiologic functions of TTX including the function as a defensive or offensive agent. Furthermore, we found that Southeast Asian freshwater pufferfish possess paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) as a main toxin, and that boxfish and Bangladeshi freshwater pufferfish bear a palytoxin (PLTX)-like toxin, and cause a rhabdomyolysis, which overturned the common sense that pufferfish toxin equals TTX.

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Section: -1 Detection Of Ttx or Its Derivatives In Several Aquatic mentioning

confidence: 58%

Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation　Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions

Arakawa¹,

Takatani²,

Taniyama³

et al. 2017

Aqua-BioSci. Monogr. (ABSM)

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“…An interesting example of a non-filter-feeding mollusk harboring either STX or TTX is the Australian blue-ringed octopus whose venom contains TTX (Sheumack et al 1978). This toxin may originate from an endosymbiotic micro-organism (Hwang et al 1989), which implies that the octopus essentially farms the microbes for its toxin. Like the blue-ringed octopus, some polyclad worms (Ritson- ) and chaetognaths (Thuesen et al 1988) also contain TTX and may have coopted this toxin as a tool for capturing prey.…”

Section: Taxonomic Distribution and Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth

Macieira‐Coelho¹

2005

Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology

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“…TTX-producing bacteria have been isolated from various marine organisms, e.g. a red calcareous algae (Yasumoto et al 1986), a xanthid crab (Noguchi et al 1986), a puffer fish , Yotsu et al 1987), a starfish (Narita et al 1987) and a blue-ringed octopus (Hwang et al 1989). Simidu et al (1987) carried out a screening test with typical strains of marine bacteria and showed that 12 out of the 24 strains tested clearly produced TTX or related substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tetrodotoxin in sinking particles from coastal waters

et al. 1994

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Abstract. The occurrence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in marine sinking particles was investigated. Sinking particles were collected in 1991 using sediment traps in the coastal area of Aburatsubo Inlet, Japan. TTX and related substances were analyzed by tissue culture bioassay, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). TTX and related substances were detected from six samples. The concentrations were estimated to be ca. 200 to 1000 ngg-~ by the HPLC analyses. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of TTX in particles in an aquatic environment. The present results indicate that sinking particles are one of the sources of TTX in the marine environment and that these particles play a role in the toxification of marine organisms.mechanism of TTX accumulation in a marine environment has not yet been revealed. reported that a high concentration of TTX occurs in marine sediment, from which TTX-producing bacteria were isolated (Do et al. 1990). It may be assumed that marine sediment is important as the source of TTX in a marine environment. The toxin may be produced by bacteria, incorporated into benthic meiofauna and transferred to various marine organisms through food webs. In addition to the sediment, it is supposed that suspended and sinking particles in the water column also contain TTX, because these particles are generally colonized by large bacterial populations (Pearl 1973, Fukami et al. 1981, 1983) and offer a possible site for TTX production. In order to throw additional light on the accumulation mechanism in marine environments, we investigated the presence of TTX and related substances in sinking particles.

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Tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria from the blue-ringed octopus Octopus maculosus

Cited by 112 publications

References 19 publications

Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation　Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions

Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation　Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions

Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth

Tetrodotoxin in sinking particles from coastal waters

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Tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria from the blue-ringed octopus Octopus maculosus

Cited by 112 publications

References 19 publications

Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions

Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions

Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth

Tetrodotoxin in sinking particles from coastal waters

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Product

Resources

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Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation　Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions

Toxins of Pufferfish—Distribution, Accumulation　Mechanism, and Physiologic Functions