Tetraspanins: molecular organisers of the leukocyte surface

Tarrant, Jaqueline M; Robb, Lorraine; Spriel, Annemiek B. van; Wright, Mark D.

doi:10.1016/j.it.2003.09.011

Cited by 204 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…Tetraspanin proteins regulate cell morphology, motility, invasion, fusion and signaling, in the brain, immune system, in tumors and elsewhere [32][33][34][35][36][37], and the most distinctive feature of the tetraspanin family is the ability of its members to form lateral associations with multiple partner proteins, and with each other, in a dynamic assembly, described as the 'tetraspanin web' [34,38]. The fact that some tetraspanin proteins cross-reacted with several others implies that immunization with one tetraspanin antigen could block several tetraspanins functions or disrupt the lateral associations with multiple partner proteins and with each other in the tetraspanin web, thereby providing a more effective protection mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Echinococcus multilocularis tetraspanins as vaccine candidates against primary alveolar echinococcosis

Dang

Yagi

Oku

et al. 2009

Vaccine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Echinococcus multilocularis tetraspanins as vaccine candidates against primary alveolar echinococcosis

Dang

Yagi

Oku

et al. 2009

Vaccine

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“…Several membrane receptors and integrins concentrated at the IS -CD3, CD4, ICAM-1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), and very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) -are associated with tetraspanins [4,5] 1968 Rocha-Perugini Vera et al Eur. J. Immunol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tetraspanins CD81, CD82, CD53, and CD9 provide T cell costimulatory signals, and CD9 localizes together with TCR signaling molecules in lipid microdomains [4]. Moreover, the T cells of mice deficient for tetraspanins CD151, CD37, and Tssc6 are hyperproliferative [4]. However, it is not known whether CD9 and CD151 play a role during IS formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increased IS stability enhances T-cell sensitivity, stimulates cytoskeletal processes, induces downstream signaling, and drives effective T-cell differentiation [2,3]. How integrins regulate these processes is not fully understood.Several membrane receptors and integrins concentrated at the IS -CD3, CD4, ICAM-1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), and very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) -are associated with tetraspanins [4,5] 1968 Rocha-Perugini Vera et al Eur. J. Immunol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adhesion of lymphocytes to the extracellular matrix and to other cells is mediated by integrins [8], and well characterized interactions between integrins and tetraspanins are important for the regulation of cell adhesion and migration [4,9]. B-cell migration is regulated by CD9 through β1 integrin-mediated activation of tyrosine kinases, and also by CD81 in a process dependent on α4β1 integrin [4]. CD151 and α3β1 integrin play a role in neutrophil migration in vivo [4], and association of CD9 with ICAM-1 and of CD151 with VCAM-1 is important for leukocyte transendothelial migration [10].…”

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Tetraspanins CD9 and CD151 at the immune synapse support T‐cell integrin signaling

et al. 2014

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Understanding how the immune response is activated and amplified requires detailed knowledge of the stages in the formation of the immunological synapse (IS) between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). We show that tetraspanins CD9 and CD151 congregate at the T-cell side of the IS. Silencing of CD9 or CD151 blunts the IL-2 secretion and expression of the activation marker CD69 by APC-conjugated T lymphocytes, but does not affect the accumulation of CD3 or actin to the IS, or the translocation of the microtubule-organizing center toward the T-B contact area. CD9 or CD151 silencing diminishes the relocalization of α4β1 integrin to the IS and reduces the accumulation of high-affinity β1 integrins at the cell-cell contact. These changes are accompanied by diminished phosphorylation of the integrin downstream targets FAK and ERK1/2. Our results suggest that CD9 and CD151 support integrin-mediated signaling at the IS.Keywords: CD9 r CD151 r Immune synapse r Integrins r T-cell activation Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site IntroductionInteraction between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is critical for antigen presentation and for the initiation of the immune response. This process is characterized by the formation of a dynamic structure called the immune synapse (IS) at the contact between T cells and APCs [1]. At the T cell side of the IS, T-cell receptors (TCRs) and Correspondence: Dr.Francisco Sánchez-Madrid e-mail: fsmadrid@salud.madrid.org associated molecules accumulate in the central area (central supramolecular activation cluster; cSMAC), while adhesion receptors and integrins reorganize in a surrounding external ring called peripheral SMAC (pSMAC) [1]. The increased IS stability enhances T-cell sensitivity, stimulates cytoskeletal processes, induces downstream signaling, and drives effective T-cell differentiation [2,3]. How integrins regulate these processes is not fully understood.Several membrane receptors and integrins concentrated at the IS -CD3, CD4, ICAM-1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), and very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) -are associated with tetraspanins [4,5] 1968 Rocha-Perugini Vera et al. Eur. J. Immunol. 2014. 44: 1967-1975 organize membrane macrocomplexes called tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) [6]. Tetraspanins modulate the function of their associated partners and play important roles in immunity, inflammation, and other processes [6]. Tetraspanins that accumulate at the IS include CD81, which regulates IS architectural organization and maturation [5], and CD82, which contributes to T-cell activation through Rho GTPase-dependent regulation of the actin cytoskeleton [7]. CD82 also increases the adhesion of LFA-1 integrin to its ligand ICAM-1 expressed on APCs [4]. The tetraspanins CD81, CD82, CD53, and CD9 provide T cell costimulatory signals, and CD9 localizes together with TCR signaling molecules in lipid microdomains [4]. Moreover, the T cells of mice deficien...

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The effect of water on the glass transition of human hair

et al. 2005

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The glass transition of human hair and its dependence on water content were determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The relationship between the data is suitably described by the Fox equation, yielding for human hair a glass transition temperature of T(g) = 144 degrees C, which is substantially lower than that for wool (174 degrees C). This effect is attributed to a higher fraction of hydrophobic proteins in the matrix of human hair, which acts as an internal plasticizer. The applicability of the Fox equation for hair as well as for wool implies that water is homogeneously distributed in alpha-keratins, despite their complex morphological, semicrystalline structure. To investigate this aspect, hair was rendered amorphous by thermal denaturation. For the amorphous hair neither the water content nor T(g) were changed compared to the native state. These results provide strong support for the theory of a quasi-homogeneous distribution of water within alpha-keratins.

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Tetraspanins: molecular organisers of the leukocyte surface

Cited by 204 publications

References 75 publications

Evaluation of Echinococcus multilocularis tetraspanins as vaccine candidates against primary alveolar echinococcosis

Evaluation of Echinococcus multilocularis tetraspanins as vaccine candidates against primary alveolar echinococcosis

Tetraspanins CD9 and CD151 at the immune synapse support T‐cell integrin signaling

The effect of water on the glass transition of human hair

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