Tetraploid teak seedling was more tolerant to drought stress than its diploid seedling

Abstract

Kebutuhan kayu jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) untuk industri nasional hanya bisa dipenuhi sekitar 0,75 juta m 3 /tahun dari 2,5 juta m 3 /tahun yang diantaranya disebabkan oleh umur panen pohon jati yang lama dan semakin berkurangnya lahan yang sesuai dengan habitat jati akibat perubahan iklim. Indonesia memiliki lahan kering yang cukup luas untuk pengembangan jati, sehingga dibutuhkan bibit tanaman jati yang bisa tumbuh cepat dan tahan dengan kondisi kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan sifat ketahanan klon jati tetraploid dengan diploid terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial dengan ulangan sebanyak 9 kali di rumah kaca. Faktor pertama adalah klon diploid (2x) dan tetraploid (4x). Faktor kedua adalah tingkat cekaman kekeringan meliputi interval penyiraman 3 hari, 7 hari, 14 hari, 21 hari, dan disiram hanya di awal perlakuan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi bibit, diameter batang, jumlah daun, luas daun, ketebalan daun, potensial air daun, stomata, perakaran, dan bobot kering tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan kedua klon bibit jati menurun dalam kondisi cekaman kekeringan, namun pertumbuhan bibit tetraploid lebih baik dibandingkan dengan bibit diploidnya. Kata kunci:

Induction of autotetraploid Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera) using oryzalin

“…Induced tetraploid Moringa plants show morphological characteristics that are typical of tetraploid and are different from diploid plants, which among others have lower stomatal density but larger stomata size. These characters are in accordance with the results of tetraploid induction experiments on water spinach (Rahmi et al 2019), teak (Ridwan et al 2018), bananas (Poerba et al 2014(Poerba et al , 2017(Poerba et al , 2018(Poerba et al , 2019a(Poerba et al , 2019b. These properties could be used to identify polyploid plants in many plants when flow cytometers are not available, for example in cotton plants (Wongpiasatid et al 2005), some plants of the Orchidaceae such as the orchid Dendrobium, Epidendrum, Odontioda, and Phalaenopsis (Miguel and Leonhardt 2011), cactus (Tel-Zur et al 2011), Phlox drummondii (Tiwari and Mishra 2012), and cayenne pepper plants (Pliankong et al 2017).…”

“…Tetraploid Moringa plants obtained showed a larger leaf size than diploid plants. The size of the vegetative part of polyploid plants which is larger than diploid origin has been shown in various plants, including Swainsona formosa (Zulkarnain 2004), crape myrtle flowers (Ye et al 2010), bananas (Poerba et al 2014(Poerba et al , 2017(Poerba et al ,2018(Poerba et al , 2019a(Poerba et al , 2019b, pear (Wang et al 2015), daylily (Podwyszynska et al 2015 and teak seedlings (Ridwan et al 2018). For this reason, the tetraploid induction in Moringa is intended to increase biomass which ultimately increases its productivity.…”

“…Compared to the original diploid bananas, the induced polyploid bananas also show thicker leaves, larger leaf stems, and fatter fruits as shown in the tetraploid 'Mas Lumut' (Poerba et al 2014), tetraploid 'Mas Madu' (Poerba et al 2019a), tetraploid 'Rejang' (Poerba et al 2017), 'Mas Jambe' autotetraploid (Poerba et al 2018), 'Klutuk Sukun' autotetraploid (Poerba et al 2019b). Induced tetraploid teak also has leaves that are thicker than the diploid counterpart (Ridwan et al 2018). Increased biomass due to increased ploidy has been widely reported (Ketsa et al 2001;Ye et.…”

Physiological and molecular responses to drought stress in teak (Tectona grandis L.f.)

“…This species has wide and well-performed studies involving irrigation impacts on teak plantation phenology [13], leaf gas exchange in the field [14], molecular diversity [15–18], tissue culture advances [19–21], advanced molecular markers [22], gene structure and function [23–26], transcriptome studies [27], and the first genome examinations [28,29]. In terms of the biochemistry and physiology related to drought stress, some studies have showed the impacts on its development [30–34]. In addition, previous work made the root transcriptome available [35], which allows for the possibility of annotating and find interesting transcripts, and extensively exploring this data.…”

Termite Assemblage and Damage on Tree Trunks in Fast-Growing Teak Plantations of Different Age: A Case Study in West Java, Indonesia

“…The study was conducted in three different teakwood ( Tectona grandis L.f.) plantations, which were five, six, and nine years old, respectively. The teak variant used was Platinum Teak, a fast-growing teakwood modified through tissue culture developed by the Research Center for Biotechnology and the Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) [ 23 , 24 ]. This teak variety is considered promising for furniture products, with five-year-old timber showing characteristics similar to 20–30-year-old conventional teak [ 20 ].…”