Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids’ role in facilitating chronic diabetic wound repair via the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial pathway

A DNA tetrahedron-based nanosuit for efficient delivery of amifostine and multi-organ radioprotection

“…Among them, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), typical multi-arm DNA tiles for three-dimensional polyhedron, have exhibited overwhelming superiority as drug carriers in many biomedical applications [ [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] ]. The strengths of tFNAs include: (i) they are easy edited and well functionalized, allowing for the attachment of oligonucleotides, peptides, and various small molecular weights; (ii) relatively long-term maintenance of its structural stability and excellent endocytosis capacity to penetrate cells and tissues endows it extraordinary cellular membrane affinity, assuring biocompatibility, binding, and endocytosis [ 36 ]; and (iii) tFNAs are also reported to promote cell survival, alleviate progressive inflammation, and reduce oxidative stress response, showing great potentials in regenerative medicine [ [37] , [38] , [39] ]. Thus, to obtain insights into the potentials of tFNAs on the delivery of AMF is sparked.…”