Tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate: a novel electrolyte with a unique role in the capillary electrophoretic separation of polyphenols found in grape seed extracts

Yanes, Enrique G.; Gratz, Samuel R.; Stalcup, Apryll M.

doi:10.1039/b004530f

Cited by 80 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We further examined the effect of ACN concentration on the retention factor of the six phenols by keeping the [BMIM][BF 4 ] concentration at 100 mM in the BGE. A steady decrease of k with the increase of ACN concentration was obtained, which is in accordance with the RP mechanism, and this mechanism is originated from the hydrophobic interaction between the phenols and the hydrocarbon moieties (C 4 in our case) of the [BMIM] cations, as suggested by Yanes [39]. Since all the phenols are almost uncharged under this condition, hydrogen bonding between the phenols and the positively charged imidazolium groups may be of least significance.…”

Section: Electrochromatographic Separations On the [Bmim][bf 4 ] Dcsmsupporting

confidence: 62%

Dynamically coated silica monolith with ionic liquids for capillary electrochromatography

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM] [BF 4 ]) was introduced as dynamic coating of a silica monolithic column for capillary electrochromatography of phenols and nucleoside monophosphates. The run-to-run and column-to-column repeatability of migration time for six phenols were satisfactory on this column with relative standard deviation values less than 0.90 and 4.31%, respectively. Anodic electroosmotic flow (EOF) was observed, which increased with the increase of [BMIM] [BF 4 ] on the monolith. Efficient separation of phenols and nucleoside monophosphates on this dynamically coated monolithic column was obtained, compared with a dynamically coated fused-silica column and unmodified silica monolithic column. The retention behavior of uncharged phenols is mainly manipulated by hydrophobic interactions due to the presence of butyl groups, and that of nucleoside monophosphates is governed by the electrostatic attraction mechanism based on the interaction between positively charged [BMIM] [BF 4 ] moieties and negatively charged phosphate groups. In addition, silica matrix also contributes to the separation resolution.

show abstract

Section: Electrochromatographic Separations On the [Bmim][bf 4 ] Dcsmsupporting

confidence: 62%

Dynamically coated silica monolith with ionic liquids for capillary electrochromatography

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The borate buffer, under basic experimental conditions in which the polyphenols are negatively charged, could effect the separation either based on charge-to-mass ratios of the deprotonated polyphenols or through borate-phenol association [6,15]. As a consequence, the CZE migration times of the polyphenol compounds increase with their polarity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Separation of flavonoids and phenolic acids from propolis by capillary zone electrophoresis

Volpi

2004

Electrophoresis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The simultaneous determination of twelve different flavonoids, pinocembrin, acacetin, chrysin, rutin, catechin, naringenin, galangin, luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, myricetin, and quercetin, two phenolic acids, cinnamic acid and caffeic acid, and one stilbene derivative, resveratrol, in propolis extracts used in medicine has been investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). With a buffer constituted by sodium tetraborate 30 mM, pH 9.0, and 15 kV applied voltage, the 15 polyphenols were separated on an uncoated fused-silica capillary within 40 min using normal polarity. Under the experimental conditions used, a linear relationship was calculated between the CZE migration times and the molecular weight of polyphenols' expression of the increasing amount of their hydroxyl groups and polarity. Regression equations revealed a linear relationship (correlation coefficients > 0.97) between the peak area of each polyphenol species and their concentration, from 6 to 120 ng. The levels of analytes in three different propolis extracts, ethanolic, aqueous-ethanolic and aqueous-glycolic, used to prepare various commercial medicinal products, were determined. The aqueous-ethanolic propolis extract showed a great percentage of caffeic acid, galangin, quercetin, and chrysin, whilst the ethanolic preparation was composed of a great amount of resveratrol, chrysin, and caffeic acid. On the contrary, the aqueous-glycolic propolis preparation was composed of approx. 11% of caffeic acid and a low amount of the other identified flavonoids due to the presence of approx. 85% of nonidentified compounds. CZE represents a valuable method for the qualitative and quantitative assay of the most relevant polyphenol components of propolis, representing an alternative to obtain typical fingerprints of propolis and a reliable identification of a large number of propolis polyphenolic species.

show abstract

“…The following analytes/interfering substances were used (Reahim, Russia): cetylpyridinium chloride (C 16 …”

Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids Plasticize and Bring Ion‐Sensing Ability to Polymer Membranes of Selective Electrodes

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the polymer plasticizing ability and ionic nature of ionic liquids (bistrifluoromethanesulfonimidate salts of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium and dodecylethyldiphenylphosphonium, BDMIm Tf 2 N and DEDPP Tf 2 N, respectively), they were found to be excellent compounds for preparing ion-selective membrane electrodes. Membrane polymers studied were poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinyl chloride). The electrodes demonstrated good and extremely stable response to both cations and anions (including surfactants) and were successfully applied to the analysis of detergents.

show abstract

Tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate: a novel electrolyte with a unique role in the capillary electrophoretic separation of polyphenols found in grape seed extracts

Cited by 80 publications

References 21 publications

Dynamically coated silica monolith with ionic liquids for capillary electrochromatography

Dynamically coated silica monolith with ionic liquids for capillary electrochromatography

Separation of flavonoids and phenolic acids from propolis by capillary zone electrophoresis

Ionic Liquids Plasticize and Bring Ion‐Sensing Ability to Polymer Membranes of Selective Electrodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About