Testosterone changes during vicarious experiences of winning and losing among fans at sporting events

Bernhardt, Paul C.; Dabbs, James M.; Fielden, Julie A.; Lutter, Candice D

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00147-4

Cited by 312 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, because the between-coalition matches were held in succession due to a lack of materials, Players 3 and 4 witnessed the victory of their fellow villagers, Players 1 and 2, before playing themselves, creating the possibility of vicarious effects and other confounds (Bernhardt, Dabbs, Fielden, & Lutter, 1998;Kanaley, Weltman, Pieper, Weltman, & Hartman, 2001;Kemper, 1990). This may be relevant to Players 3 and 4's relatively large C and T increases prior to their own between-village contest (see Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal response to competition among male coalitions

Wagner

Flinn

England

2002

Evolution and Human Behavior

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Previous research has shown that testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) are released in response to a wide variety of social stimuli including dyadic (one on one) competitive events, but humans also compete as groups. Here we report results from a pilot study of hormonal responses to competition between male coalitions. Salivary T and C levels were assessed in adult males from a rural Caribbean village who competed at dominoes, as two-man teams, against (a) familiar men from their own village (within coalition), and (b) strangers from another village (between coalitions). Analyses indicate that both T and C levels were higher and responses more pronounced for between-village competition than for within-village competition, but we could not compare responses to victory and defeat in the betweenvillage case, since our subjects happened to win both such contests. Further studies of endocrine responses in the context of coalitional competition are warranted. D

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal response to competition among male coalitions

Wagner

Flinn

England

2002

Evolution and Human Behavior

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“…For example, heroes have been argued to provide utility as leaders to guide others through difficult circumstances (Freud, 1922;Le Bon, 1895;Fromm, 1941), vicarious experiences of success (Bernhardt, Dabbs, Fielden, & Lutter, 1998), increases in positive affect and self-esteem (as with basking in reflected glory; Cialdini & Kenrick, 1976), ideal self-images that guide behavior toward attaining a possible self (Higgins, 1987;Sullivan & Ventor, 2005;Caughey, 1984), and role models (Yoon & Vargas, 2014). However, one function of hero identification yet to be explored is the protective utility of identified heroes against existential concerns.…”

Section: The Present Research: the Existential Underpinnings Of Hero mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mortality awareness in hero identification

2016

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Three studies examine hypotheses derived from terror management theory to investigate the relationship between mortality concerns and hero identification. Study 1 found reminders of death, followed by a distraction task and a self-prime, led to greater inclusion of heroes in the self. Study 2 found that writing about a personal hero, but not other's heroes or acquaintances, led to lower death-thought accessibility after being reminded of mortality. Finally, Study 3 found that after death reminders, participants led to identify with a hero exemplifying traits of legacy and/or sacrifice showed lower death thought accessibility. Findings are discussed as generative for heroism research, informing a previously overlooked motivation underlying hero identification and the existential function of such identification.

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“…This experiment has been repeated for a number of different events, including tennis (Booth et al 1989) and wrestling (Elias 1981), as well as less physical contests such as chess (Mazur et al 1992). It has also been found that the rising and falling levels of an athlete's testosterone can be mimicked by fans: Bernhardt et al (1998) took testosterone samples from fans during a World Cup match in which Brazil defeated Italy. Both sets of fans went into the game with elevated testosterone, but afterwards the Brazilian fans' testosterone rose while the Italians' fell.…”

Section: Steroid Hormones and Risk-taking (A) Testosterone And Risk-tmentioning

confidence: 99%

From molecule to market: steroid hormones and financial risk-taking

Coates

Gurnell

Sarnyai

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

104

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Little is known about the role of the endocrine system in financial decision-making. Here, we survey research on steroid hormones and their cognitive effects, and examine potential links to trader performance in the financial markets. Preliminary findings suggest that cortisol codes for risk and testosterone for reward. A key finding of this endocrine research is the different cognitive effects of acute versus chronic exposure to hormones: acutely elevated steroids may optimize performance on a range of tasks; but chronically elevated steroids may promote irrational risk-reward choices. We present a hypothesis suggesting that the irrational exuberance and pessimism observed during market bubbles and crashes may be mediated by steroid hormones. If hormones can exaggerate market moves, then perhaps the age and sex composition among traders and asset managers may affect the level of instability witnessed in the financial markets.

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Testosterone changes during vicarious experiences of winning and losing among fans at sporting events

Cited by 312 publications

References 18 publications

Hormonal response to competition among male coalitions

Hormonal response to competition among male coalitions

The role of mortality awareness in hero identification

From molecule to market: steroid hormones and financial risk-taking

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