Testosterone and social evaluative stress: The moderating role of basal cortisol

Predictors of anticipatory cortisol reactivity to subsequent stressors

“…In Session 1, male participants underwent a Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) [11], which involved delivering speeches and performing arithmetic tasks in front of two evaluators. Changes in testosterone and cortisol levels in Session 1 have been reported in an earlier article [12]. Another main goal of the study was to examine increase in cortisol when anticipating a second similar stressor (after participants underwent the stressor once in Session 1).…”

“…Testosterone can be considered to be another "social" hormone [15]. There is evidence that testosterone also increases in social-evaluative situations [12], in anticipation of certain stressors and challenges [16,17], and that the change in testosterone is associated with changes in cortisol levels in both between and within person analyses [18,19].…”

The dual-hormone hypothesis: a brief review and future research agenda

“…Experimental designs are needed in which hormone concentrations are exogenously manipulated (e.g., pharmacological designs that simultaneously increase testosterone and suppress cortisol). Research designs in which hormone concentrations are altered through psychological manipulations will also be important for testing the dual-hormone hypothesis (social stress manipulations that increase cortisol [43]). …”

How stressful are economic competitions in the lab? An investigation with physiological measures

“…Activation of the SAM system affects, amongst others, cardiovascular activity, leading to increased blood pressure and heart rate. Furthermore, testosterone changes have been reported in relation to competitions (for a recent review, see Oliveira and Oliveira 2014) and some studies also found increased testosterone levels after psychosocial stress induction (Lennartsson et al 2012;Bedgood et al 2014). To keep unrelated external influences on the hormonal and physiological measures minimal, a laboratory paradigm was chosen.…”