Testosterone and Human Aggression

Carré, Justin M.; Ruddick, Erika L.; Moreau, Benjamin J. P.; Bird, Brian M.

doi:10.1002/9781119057574.whbva020

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…What it suggests is latitudinal variation in the strength of sex steroids that shape the observable physical differences between the sexes. Moreover, testosterone is related to aggression and dominance in men (Carré et al, 2017; Eisenegger et al, 2011; Geniole et al, 2020; Honk et al, 2014; Schultheiss, 2007; Welling et al, 2016). In women, estradiol feminizes them (Bakker & Baum, 2008) and low levels of it and progesterone cause depression (Baca-García et al, 2010), although hormonal influence on social behavior is contradictory (Strojny et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Likely Electromagnetic Foundations of Gender Inequality

León

2022

Cross-Cultural Research

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Cross-country variation of gender inequality is attributed to cultural, evolutionary, epidemiological, social, and psychological variables, but recent research has shown decreased inequality with proximity to the poles, suggesting that such variables may convey effects of electromagnetics and climate. This study evaluated two mediation models across 98 countries. In the successful model, ultraviolet radiation impaired cognitive performance with the final result of increasing gender inequality; cross-cultural research should pay attention to this three-part connection and specify the process in greater detail. Additionally, gender inequality emerged directly related to ultraviolet radiation with positive sign, suggesting actions of testosterone; field and laboratory studies that address the specific mediating roles of sex hormones are needed. Pathogen prevalence and the ACP1*B allele played complementary roles that are consistent with the literature. The model was robust to post-1500 European ancestry and the radiation – cognitive performance – gender inequality nexus, but not other paths, were reliable across continents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Likely Electromagnetic Foundations of Gender Inequality

León

2022

Cross-Cultural Research

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“…Somewhat surprisingly, we detected a positive effect of T reactivity on winning one of the nonphysical competition disciplines (verbal fluency task), suggesting that T reactivity may enhance status acquisition via the prestige route (see Cheng, Kornienko, & Granger, 2018 for longitudinal evidence of an increase in prestige-based status predicting a rise in T levels, n = 83 men). Given these overly null results in our study and mixed findings in the literature (e.g., Carré, Ruddick, Moreau, & Bird, 2017 ), associations of T levels with dominant and aggressive behaviors require further investigation, including the consideration of mediator and moderator variables (e.g., Liening & Josephs, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Honest Signals of Status: Facial and Bodily Dominance Are Related to Success in Physical but Not Nonphysical Competition

2019

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Recent studies suggest that both facial and bodily dominance promote high status positions and predict status-seeking behaviors such as aggression and social dominance. An evolutionarily relevant context in which associations between these dominance signals and status outcomes may be prevalent are face-to-face status contests. The present study examined whether facial and bodily dominance predicted success in dyadic competitions (one physical discipline, arm wrestling, and three nonphysical disciplines) in men ( N = 125) in a controlled laboratory setting. Men’s bodies and faces were independently rated for physical dominance, and associations of these ratings with contest outcomes as well as mediating and moderating variables (such as physical strength, body height, trait dominance, baseline and reactive testosterone) were examined. Both facial and bodily dominance positively predicted success in the physical discipline, mediated by physical strength, but not in the three nonphysical disciplines. Our findings demonstrate that facial and bodily physical dominance may be honest signals for men’s formidability and hence status potential, at least in a physically competitive context.

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“…That substance is the steroid hormone testosterone, synthesized by the Leydig cells of the testes and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex. Change in testosterone concentrations positively predict ongoing or future human aggression [20]. Behavior may be measured using either the labbased aggression paradigms or by changes in Testosterone levels.…”

Section: Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Online Hate and its Routes to Aggression: A Research Agenda

Ray¹,

George

2021

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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The Internet has provided human civilization hitherto unimaginable tools with which to connect, communicate and coexist. Unfortunately, those same tools are being maneuvered to spread ethno-racial and religious hatred. The internet is now replete with chat rooms, web pages, discussion boards, forums, videos, music, and games that actively promote violence against outgroups. To that extent, it is almost impossible now to navigate through the internet without encountering hateful ideologies and propaganda that deepen societal fissures and instigate violence. Though journalism has put the spotlight on the link between online radicalization and real-world hate crimes, empirical evidence on these claims is largely lacking. The existing evidence is merely anecdotal cutting across multiple scientific disciplines. This paper lays out an operationalizable research design that may shed more light on this causal link between online hate and hate crimes. We review the existing literature on online hate and radicalization and propose that the General Aggression Model may be a model of choice to empirically investigate the link between online hate and offline violence.

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Testosterone and Human Aggression

Cited by 7 publications

References 85 publications

Likely Electromagnetic Foundations of Gender Inequality

Likely Electromagnetic Foundations of Gender Inequality

Honest Signals of Status: Facial and Bodily Dominance Are Related to Success in Physical but Not Nonphysical Competition

Online Hate and its Routes to Aggression: A Research Agenda

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