Testis-specific expression pattern of dmrt1 and its putative regulatory region in the sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus)

Cui, Zhouping; Zhang, Jian; Sun, Zhihui; Liu, Bingzheng; Han, Ya-Lun; Zhao, Chong; Chang, Yaqing

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110668

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Sea urchin has been used for over a hundred years as a model organism in developmental biology research (Wilson, 1895). Knowledge of sea urchins in the field of biology has expanded to include (1) the effects of toxic substances on their immune system, reproduction, and development (Nobre et al, 2015;Brown et al, 2020;Pikula et al, 2020;Rendell-Bhatti et al, 2021), (2) the gene expression involved in sea urchin fertilization and development stages (Li et al, 2020;Wessel et al, 2021;Cui et al, 2022), (3) the nervous system (Wood et al, 2018;Martín-Durán and Hejnol, 2021;Formery et al, 2021), and (4) sea urchin genomes (Sodergren et al, 2006;Kudtarkar and Cameron, 2017;Kinjo et al, 2018;Warner et al, 2021). Sea urchins have also been studied in various aspects related to the impact of current changing environments, such as ocean acidification and global warming to their development and growth (Dworjanyn and Byrne, 2018;García et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2018;Houlihan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structure and Function of Gut Microbiomes of Two Species of Sea Urchins, Mesocentrotus nudus and Strongylocentrotus intermedius, in Japan

Haditomo

Yonezawa

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Sea urchin is an indicator of coastal environmental changes in the global warming era, and is also a model organism in developmental biology and evolution. Due to the depletion of wild resources, new aquaculture techniques for improving stocks have been well studied. The gut microbiome shapes various aspects of a host’s physiology. However, these microbiome structures and functions on sea urchins, particularly Mesocentrotus nudus and Strongylocentrotus intermedius which are important marine bioresources commonly found in Japan, have not been fully investigated yet. Using metagenomic approaches including meta16S and shotgun metagenome sequencings, the structures, functions, and dynamics of the gut microbiome of M. nudus and S. intermedius, related to both habitat environment and host growth, were studied. Firstly, a broad meta16S analysis revealed that at the family level, Psychromonadaceae and Flavobacteriaceae reads (38–71%) dominated in these sea urchins, which is a unique feature observed in species in Japan. Flavobacteriaceae reads were more abundant in individuals after rearing in an aquarium with circulating compared to one with running water. Campylobacteraceae and Vibrionaceae abundances increased in both kinds of laboratory-reared sea urchins in both types of experiments. 2-weeks feeding experiments of M. nudus and S. intermedius transplanted from the farm to laboratory revealed that these gut microbial structures were affected by diet rather than rearing environments and host species. Secondly, further meta16S analysis of microbial reads related to M. nudus growth revealed that at least four Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) affiliated to Saccharicrinis fermentans, which is known to be a nitrogen (N2) fixing bacterium, showed a significant positive correlation to the body weight and test diameter. Interestingly, gut microbiome comparisons using shotgun metagenome sequencing of individuals showing higher and lower growth rates revealed a significant abundance of “Nitrate and nitrite ammonification” genes in the higher-grown individuals under the circulating water rearing. These findings provide new insights on the structure-function relationship of sea urchin gut microbiomes beyond previously reported nitrogen fixation function in sea urchin in 1950s; we discovered a nitrate reduction function into ammonium for the growth promotion of sea urchin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structure and Function of Gut Microbiomes of Two Species of Sea Urchins, Mesocentrotus nudus and Strongylocentrotus intermedius, in Japan

Haditomo

Yonezawa

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…In addition, we have yet to identify any single large swath of genomic sequence, chromosomal or not, that is unique to one sex and not the other [51]. Due to the small size of the genetic difference, it appears that Dmrt1 regulation may be key here, as cutting-edge research is asking whether Doublesex genes are a male-determining factor in echinoderms as they are in other species [52]. We cannot yet conclude from this study that the gene Dmrt1 is responsible for sexual differentiation, as sex determination in all animals requires a concert of dozens, if not hundreds, of genes and signals [1, 5, 53], and we have yet to perform a conclusive Dmrt1 KO in Sp urchins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of hermaphroditism in the gonochoristic sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, reveals key mechanisms of sex determination

Pieplow

Furze

Wessel

2023

Biology of Reproduction

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Sea urchins are usually gonochoristic, and each of their five gonads are collectively either testes or ovaries. Here we report an unusual case of hermaphroditism in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The hermaphrodite is self-fertile and one of the gonads is an ovotestis; it is largely an ovary with a small segment containing fully mature sperm. Molecular analysis demonstrated that each gonad made bona fide gametes, and we identified for the first time a somatic sex specific marker in this phylum: the Doublesex ortholog, DMRT1. This finding also enabled us to analyze the somatic tissues of the hermaphrodite and we found that the oral tissues (including gut) were out of register with the aboral tissues (including tube feet) enabling a genetic lineage analysis. Results from this study support a genetic basis of sex determination in sea urchins, the viability of hermaphroditism, and distinguish gonad determination from somatic tissue organization in the adult.

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“…Due to their rich biological characteristics, echinoderms have emerged as crucial research subjects in various fields, including embryonic development, sex determination and differentiation, and regeneration biology. Notably, recent investigations have indicated a potential link between Sox genes and certain biological processes in echinoderms [ 13 , 14 ]. Despite these intriguing findings, there has been a notable absence of research focusing on a comprehensive analysis of Sox family genes in echinoderms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and expression analysis of Sox family genes in echinoderms

Li,

Cao,

Liu

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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The Sox gene family, a collection of transcription factors widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom, plays a crucial role in numerous developmental processes. Echinoderms occupy a pivotal position in many research fields, such as neuroscience, sex determination and differentiation, and embryonic development. However, to date, no comprehensive study has been conducted to characterize and analyze Sox genes in echinoderms. In the present study, the evolution and expression of Sox family genes across 11 echinoderms were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. The results revealed a total of 70 Sox genes, with counts ranging from 5 to 8 across different echinoderms. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified Sox genes could be categorized into seven distinct classes: the SoxB1 class, SoxB2 class, SoxC class, SoxD class, SoxE class, SoxF class and SoxH class. Notably, the SoxB1, SoxB2, and SoxF genes were ubiquitously present in all the echinoderms studied, which suggests that these genes may be conserved in echinoderms. The spatiotemporal expression patterns observed for Sox genes in the three echinoderms indicated that various Sox members perform distinct functional roles. Notably, SoxB1 is likely involved in echinoderm ovary development, while SoxH may play a crucial role in testis development in starfish and sea cucumber. In general, the present investigation provides a molecular foundation for exploring the Sox gene in echinoderms, providing a valuable resource for future phylogenetic and genomic studies.

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Testis-specific expression pattern of dmrt1 and its putative regulatory region in the sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus)

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

The Structure and Function of Gut Microbiomes of Two Species of Sea Urchins, Mesocentrotus nudus and Strongylocentrotus intermedius, in Japan

The Structure and Function of Gut Microbiomes of Two Species of Sea Urchins, Mesocentrotus nudus and Strongylocentrotus intermedius, in Japan

A case of hermaphroditism in the gonochoristic sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, reveals key mechanisms of sex determination

Identification and expression analysis of Sox family genes in echinoderms

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