Testing the Validity of a Cognitive Behavioral Model for Gambling Behavior

Raylu, Namrata; Oei, Tian P. S.; Loo, Jasmine M. Y.; Tsai, Jung-Shun

doi:10.1007/s10899-015-9567-5

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In line with previous studies (van den Bos et al, 2013; Scholes-Balog et al, 2014; Welte et al, 2015; Raylu et al, 2016; for reviews see also Johansson et al, 2009; Griffiths, 2011; Donati et al, 2013), gender showed a significant negative relationship with SOGS-RA scores. However, no gender difference was observed with respect to the modes of gambling activities (offline vs. online).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…It may be that depression foregoes problem gambling, which serves to relieve negative emotions and to avoid problems (Blaszczynski and Nower, 2002) or that problematic gambling involvement increasingly leads to depressive symptoms due to the consequent social isolation and money problems (Dussault et al, 2011). Although it is difficult to determine whether anxiety and depression are primary, secondary, or concurrent with gambling, recently Raylu et al (2016) have demonstrated that negative affectivity directly predicts gambling behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, as indicated by earlier studies, negative emotional states, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, are significant correlates of problematic gambling (Blaszczynski and McConaghy, 1989; Coman et al, 1997; Blaszczynski and Nower, 2002; El-Guebaly et al, 2006; Kim et al, 2006; Ladouceur et al, 2006; Johansson et al, 2009; Barrault and Varescon, 2013; Lorains et al, 2014; Dowling et al, 2015; Raylu et al, 2016; Toneatto and Pillai, 2016). In particular, some epidemiological studies indicated that problematic gambling is often associated with mood disorders (Griffiths, 1995; see also Lorains et al, 2011), as well as that pathological gamblers in treatment frequently suffer from clinical depression (i. e., Ladouceur et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Blurred Future of Adolescent Gamblers: Impulsivity, Time Horizon, and Emotional Distress

2017

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The main purpose of this study was to investigate the interplay of functional and dysfunctional impulsivity, delay discounting, time perspective, and emotional negative states on gambling severity in Italian adolescents. A second aim of the study was to analyze the developmental trajectories of gambling involvement, functional and dysfunctional impulsivity, delay discounting, consideration of future consequences, and negative affectivity in a cross-sectional perspective. One thousand and ten Italian adolescents aging between 12 and 19 years were administered the South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA), the Functional and Dysfunctional Impulsivity Scale (FDIS), the Monetary Choice Questionnaire (MCQ), the Consideration of Future Consequences Scale (CFC-14), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21). Data analyses were conducted using correlational analysis, Chi-square test, analysis of variance, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results indicated that, relative to non-gamblers and non-problem gamblers, at-risk and problem gamblers showed higher levels of impulsivity, steeper delay discounting, shorter time horizon, and reported experiencing significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Results of hierarchical regression analysis, with SOGS-RA scores as the dependent variable, and gender, age, FDIS, MCQ, CFC-14, and DASS-21 scores as independent variables, indicated that, along with gender and age, low scores of future orientation and high scores of dysfunctional impulsivity, depression, anxiety, present orientation, and delay discounting significantly predicted gambling severity. These findings provide further evidence that the higher the gambling involvement, the greater the tendency to devalue delayed rewards and to focus on the immediate consequences of one's behavior. Interestingly, for the first time these results reveal an association between gambling severity and both dysfunctional impulsivity and negative affective states across adolescence. Finally, results of cross-sectional analyses suggest that gambling severity contributes more than age in shaping the developmental trajectories of functional and dysfunctional impulsivity, delay discounting, time perspective, and negative affective states.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Blurred Future of Adolescent Gamblers: Impulsivity, Time Horizon, and Emotional Distress

2017

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“…A recent cognitive conceptualization of gambling has highlighted important relationships among emotions, cognitions, and gambling, suggesting that the association between negative emotions and gambling severity is mediated by irrational thinking about gambling (Raylu et al 2016). The importance of cognitive distortions in gambling was initially brought to light by Gaboury and Ladouceur (1989) who observed that the majority of the participants' verbalizations during a gambling session were irrational.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mentalizing Failures, Emotional Dysregulation, and Cognitive Distortions Among Adolescent Problem Gamblers

et al. 2020

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Over the past decade, several studies have investigated the relationship between cognitive distortions and emotion regulation among adolescent gamblers, demonstrating the exacerbating role of alcohol consumption when co-occurring with gambling problems. An important construct, that to date has been largely neglected, is mentalizing (i.e. the ability to reflect on one's own and others' mental states). The aim of the present study was (for the first time) to investigate the relative contribution of mentalization, emotional dysregulation, cognitive distortions, and alcohol consumption among adolescent gamblers. A total of 396 students (69.2% females) aged 14-19 years were recruited from secondary schools in Southern Italy. Assessment measures included the South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA), the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Gambling Related Cognitions Scale (GRCS), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Regression analysis showed that, along with male gender, the best predictors of adolescent gambling were scores on two GRCS subscales (i.e., 'inability to stop gambling' and 'interpretative bias'), the RFQ-8's 'uncertainty about mental states' dimension, and the DERS 'impulse control difficulties' factor, with the overall model explaining more than one-third of the total variance. The results clearly indicated that, along with gambling-related cognitive distortions, uncertainty about mental states, and difficulties remaining in control of one's behavior when experiencing negative emotions contributed significantly to problematic gambling among adolescents.

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“…CBT has been shown to be especially effective for this behavioral addiction 16 , 17 , 24 . Literature in this field stresses the importance of including motivational components 16 and cognitive restructuration 9 , 25 in CBT programs in order to facilitate patients’ understanding of cognitive distortions related to gambling behavior and to weaken, among other factors, perseveration patterns, irrational beliefs, and magical thinking associated with this disorder 7 .…”

Section: Psychological Treatment Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of gambling disorder: from treatment approaches to risk factors

et al. 2018

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Gambling disorder (GD) has been reclassified recently into the “Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders” category of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), a landmark occurrence for a behavioral addiction. GD is characterized by recurrent, maladaptive gambling behavior that results in clinically significant distress. Although the number of randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments is limited, some pharmacological treatments, notably opiate antagonists, have been employed in the treatment of GD. Patients with GD often present cognitive distortions and specific personality traits, making treatment more difficult. Cognitive behavioral therapy has become the most common psychological intervention for treating gambling problems, and it is effective in reducing gambling behavior. In this brief overview, we provide a report on the state of pharmacological and psychological treatments for gambling disorder. Risk factors and potential future lines of research are addressed.

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Testing the Validity of a Cognitive Behavioral Model for Gambling Behavior

Cited by 28 publications

References 59 publications

The Blurred Future of Adolescent Gamblers: Impulsivity, Time Horizon, and Emotional Distress

The Blurred Future of Adolescent Gamblers: Impulsivity, Time Horizon, and Emotional Distress

Mentalizing Failures, Emotional Dysregulation, and Cognitive Distortions Among Adolescent Problem Gamblers

An overview of gambling disorder: from treatment approaches to risk factors

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