Testing the triple network structure of the cubic Im3̄m (I) phase by isomorphous replacement and model refinement

Zeng, Xiangbing; Cseh, Liliana; Mehl, Georg H.; Ungar, Goran

doi:10.1039/b805965a

Cited by 47 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For typical mesogenic molecules the interwoven channels are filled with aromatic parts of molecules, disconnected by regions occupied with molten alkyl chains. [5,11] Depending on the arrangement of channels in space a few different types of phases were recognised: a double gyroid cubic structure with the Ia3d [5] or Pn3m [16] symmetry, tri-continuous cubic phase with the Im3m symmetry, [17] a single gyroid cubic structure with the I4 1 32 symmetry [2,4] and a multicontinuous type Pm3m structure [18]; the most frequently observed was the Ia3d cubic phase. [19][20][21][22] The ability to exhibit 3D liquid crystalline phases depends strongly on the molecular architecture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double gyroid structures made of asymmetric dimers

et al. 2015

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Gyroid cubic phases are interesting for both scientists and engineers due to possible applications in electronic devices. New series of dimeric molecules, despite their flexible molecular structure, can display double gyroid cubic phase with Ia3d symmetry and lattice parameter corresponding to double molecular length. The cubic phase is structurally related to columnar phase and both phases often coexist in the same temperature window. Apparently, for studied compounds stronger molecular asymmetry promotes cubic structure. Interestingly, for the examined compounds the transition between two isotropic liquids was observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double gyroid structures made of asymmetric dimers

et al. 2015

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“…One then expects that new examples of this phase will be discovered in other systems such as lyotropic systems or nano-structured materials. For such complicated topology, the use of a reconstruction method was necessary to elucidate its structure (figure 6) [8,59]. On the basis of the three main Bragg peaks (321, 400 and 420), the reconstruction evidences three interwoven regions in the structure, proving that it is tri-continuous.…”

Section: Tri-continuous Im3mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional periodic complex structures in soft matter: investigation using scattering methods

Impéror‐Clerc

2012

Interface Focus.

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Three-dimensional periodic complex structures are encountered in various soft matter systems such as liquid crystals, block-copolymer phases and the related nano-structured materials. Here, we review several well-defined topologies: two-dimensional hexagonal phase, three-dimensional packing of spheres, tetrahedral close packing (tcp) bi-continuous and tri-continuous cubic phases. We illustrate how small-angle X-ray scattering experiments help us to investigate these different structures and introduce the main available structural models based on both direct and inverse methods.

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“…In fact, there are reports of the structure of the Im3m phase [51,52], where the authors performed the small-angle X-ray diffraction experiments and reconstructed the structure by the conventional Fourier synthesis. Although the proposed structure is essentially compatible with the PP model [38,39], the analysis is incomplete especially for the selection of phase of diffracted waves, which is directly related to the location of the molecules.…”

Section: Molecular Aggregation In the Im3m Phasementioning

confidence: 98%

Microphase-separated multicontinuous phase in low-molecular-mass thermotropic liquid crystals

Saito

2009

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Extensive application of chemical thermodynamics to exotic aggregation formed in thermotropic liquid crystals is briefly described. Through thermodynamic analyses and considerations of experimental results on liquid crystals, the unexpected sharing of common properties by thermo-and lyotropic liquid crystals is demonstrated. In some thermo tropic liquid crystals, the terminal alkyl chain attached to the molecular core is highly disordered, as indicated by the magnitude of configurational entropy. The molten chain serves as intramolecular solvent (self-solvent), as evidenced by the close similarity between phase diagrams against chain length and composition in the binary system with n-alkane. These facts lead to the quasi-binary picture of thermotropic liquid crystals. Consideration of the thermodynamic potential expanded in terms of density fluctuation gives a new insight into the multicontinuous phases formed in simple systems consisting of anisotropic, rodlike particles.

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Testing the triple network structure of the cubic Im3̄m (I) phase by isomorphous replacement and model refinement

Cited by 47 publications

References 23 publications

Double gyroid structures made of asymmetric dimers

Double gyroid structures made of asymmetric dimers

Three-dimensional periodic complex structures in soft matter: investigation using scattering methods

Microphase-separated multicontinuous phase in low-molecular-mass thermotropic liquid crystals

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