Testing the resistance of potato genotypes to tuber late blight

Bjor, T.

doi:10.1007/bf02361932

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In Norway, resistance to tuber blight is tested by application of inoculum to freshly harvested tubers (Bjor 1987). In field trials with cultivars with different tuber resistance scores and reduced fungicide inputs, it was found that the amount of tuber infection in the field was mainly determined by the cultivar, and the differences between treatments were marginal in most cultivars.…”

Section: Nordic Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

et al. 2011

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Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight, is a major threat to potato production in northwestern Europe. Before 1980, the worldwide population of P. infestans outside Mexico appeared to be asexual and to consist of a single clonal lineage of A1 mating type characterized by a single genotype. It is widely believed that new strains migrated into Europe in 1976 and that this led to subsequent population changes including the introduction of the A2 mating type. The population characteristics of recently collected isolates in NW Europe show a diverse population including both mating types, sexual reproduction and oospores, although differences are observed between regions. Although it is difficult to find direct evidence that new strains are more aggressive, there are several indications from experiments and field epidemics that the aggressiveness of P. infestans has increased in the past 20 years. The relative importance of the different primary inoculum sources and specific measures for reducing their role, such as covering dumps with plastic and preventing seed tubers from becoming infected, is described for the different regions. In NW Europe, varieties with greater resistance tend not to be grown on a large scale. From the grower's perspective, the savings in fungicide input that can be achieved with these varieties are not compensated by the higher (perceived) risk of blight. Fungicides play a crucial role in the integrated control of late blight. The spray strategies in NW Europe and a table of the specific attributes of the most important fungicides in Europe are presented. The development and use of decision support systems (DSSs) in NW Europe are described. In The Netherlands, it is estimated that almost 40% of potato growers use recommendations based on commercially available DSS. In the Nordic countries, a new DSS concept with a fixed 7-day spray interval and a variable dose rate is being tested. In the UK, commercially available DSSs are used for c. 8% of the area. The validity of Smith Periods for the new population of P. infestans in the UK is currently being evaluated.

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Section: Nordic Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

et al. 2011

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“…This general experience might be the principal reason that information on the tester isolate used is lacking in most papers on tuber blight assessment (Pietkiewicz & Jellis, 1976;Lapwood, 1977;Stewart et al, 1983;Bjor, 1987;Wastie et al, 1987). Considering the variation in aggressiveness of recently introduced populations of the fungus (this paper and Lambert & Currier, 1997), the choice of the tester isolate is of key importance for tuber blight assessment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The tuber blight assay was mainly adopted from Bjor (1987) and Mooi (1964) with some minor modifications. Tubers of cv.…”

Section: Origins Of P Infestans Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in tuber pathogenicity ofPhytophthora infestans in the Netherlands

Flier¹,

Turkensteen²,

Mulder³

1998

Potato Res

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Summary assessment, fungalVariation in aggressiveness to tubers among isolates of Phytophthora hlfestans sampled from three potato growing regions in the Netherlands was compared. Variation in the ability to infect tubers of cv. Bintje was found between isolates of each of the three regional populations. The most aggressive isolate of the old population matched the average level of the new population in its ability to infect tubers. As a consequence, the commonly used rel~erence isolate VK 6C can no longer be considered to be representative of the present population of P.infestans. Therefore it is recommended that testing tuber resistance for the official list of potato cultivars with this isolate should be discontinued.Tuber infection and subsequent spread of the fungus in the tuber tissues were not found to be correlated. The components of tuber pathogenicity studied were not correlated to pathogenicity factors in the foliage, as measured under growth chamber conditions.

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“…Untreated control Table 1 The eight haulm killing treatments used in the field trials in 1997, 1998 and after harvest, incubation at high humidity and assessment after 2−4 weeks at 15°C (Bjor 1987).…”

Section: Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resistance score of the foliage and tubers was determined by 3 years or more of testing at the Department of Horticulture and Crop Sciences (Bjor 1987(Bjor , 1989. The level of resistance to tuber blight was determined by inoculation of healthy unwounded and superficially wounded tubers shortly No.…”

Section: Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cultivar Resistance and Haulm Killing Method on Tuber Infection by Phytophthora infestans

2007

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A series of field trials combining cultivars with different levels of resistance to Phythophtora infestans and different haulm killing methods was conducted in 1997, 1998 and 1999 to assess the contamination potential of the haulm. In addition, the frequency of tubers with late blight was assessed after harvest and storage, combining effects of pretreatment infection, infection by the haulm at harvest and the development of the disease during storage. Haulm killing was performed by diquat (200, 400, 600 g a.i. ha -1 ), half cutting of the haulm in combination with diquat (100, 200, 300 g a.i. ha -1 ) or full cutting of the haulm. In those treatments where haulm killing was performed purely chemically the haulm remnants' contamination potential tended to increase at reduced doses. Full mechanical destruction gave as low a contamination potential as application of the full dose of chemical haulm killer. However, there were no consistent differences between the haulm killing treatments in the frequency of blighted tubers after harvest and storage. This indicates that the input of chemical haulm killers may be reduced. There was a large difference between years in tuber blight after harvest and storage, which confirms that climatic factors are of major importance for tuber infection. The large difference found between the cultivars in the frequency of tuber blight indicates that tuber resistance should be an important part of integrated late blight disease management.

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Testing the resistance of potato genotypes to tuber late blight

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

Variation in tuber pathogenicity ofPhytophthora infestans in the Netherlands

Effect of Cultivar Resistance and Haulm Killing Method on Tuber Infection by Phytophthora infestans

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