Testing the Efficacy of Attention Bias Modification for Suicidal Thoughts: Findings From Two Experiments

Christine, B.; Najmi, Sadia; Amir, Nader; Matthews, John; Deming, Charlene A.; Glenn, Jeffrey J.; Calixte, Rachelle M.; Harris, John F.; Nock, Matthew K.

doi:10.1080/13811118.2016.1162241

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Second, there are many other factors that influence the generality of findings that were outside the scope of the present review (e.g., setting, specific measures). Finally, the present authors are not immune to the shortcomings observed within this review; we have omitted sample characteristics (e.g., LGBT status, SES) within our own published longitudinal studies (e.g., Cha, Augustein, Frost, Gallagher, D'Angelo, & Nock, ; Cha, Najmi et al, ; Cha, Najmi, Park, Finn, & Nock, ). We encourage more accountability across all the researchers, ourselves included, in efforts to elevate the level of research conducted throughout this field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for Diversity in Suicide Research: Sampling and Sample Reporting Practices in the United States

Christine

Tezanos

Peros

et al. 2017

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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Research on suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) has identified many risk factors, but whether these findings generalize to diverse populations remains unclear. We review longitudinal studies on STB risk factors over the past 50 years in the United States and evaluate the methodological practices of sampling and reporting sample characteristics. We found that articles frequently reported participant age and sex, less frequently reported participant race and ethnicity, and rarely reported participant veteran status or lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender status. Sample reporting practices modestly and inconsistently improved over time. Finally, articles predominantly featured White, non-Hispanic, young adult samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for Diversity in Suicide Research: Sampling and Sample Reporting Practices in the United States

Christine

Tezanos

Peros

et al. 2017

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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“…Measures were administered in several different settings, ranging from a university laboratory (Studies 3-7), to an interview room located within a psychiatric inpatient unit (Study 2), to a psychiatric ED (Study 1). Please see individual studies for information on study-specific procedures (Cha et al, 2010(Cha et al, , 2017(Cha et al, , 2018Glenn, Lanzillo, et al, 2017;Stewart et al, 2017). The studies received research ethics committee approval.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the psychometric properties of the Suicide Stroop Task.

Wilson¹,

Millner²,

Auerbach³

et al. 2019

Psychological Assessment

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Behavioral measures are increasingly used to assess suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Some measures, such as the Suicide Stroop task, have yielded mixed findings in the literature. An understudied feature of these behavioral measures has been their psychometric properties, which may affect the probability of detecting significant effects and reproducibility. In the largest investigation of its kind, we tested the internal consistency and concurrent validity of the Suicide Stroop Task, drawing from seven separate studies (N=875 participants, 64% female, aged 12 to 81 years). Results indicated that the most common Suicide Stroop scoring approach, interference scores, yielded unacceptably low internal consistency (r=-.09-.13) and failed to demonstrate concurrent validity. Internal consistency coefficients for mean reaction times (RT) to each stimulus-type ranged from r=.93-.94. All scoring approaches for suicide-related interference demonstrated poor classification accuracy, AUCs=.52-.56 indicating that scores performed near chance in their ability to classify suicide attempters from non-attempters. In the case of mean RTs, we did not find evidence for concurrent validity despite our excellent reliability findings, highlighting that reliability does not guarantee a measure is clinically useful. These results are discussed in the context of the wider implications for testing and reporting psychometric properties of behavioral measures in mental health research.

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“…Recent research efforts are directed to assess the possible use of attention bias as a therapeutic target in patients presenting suicide behavior. In a randomized control trial (RCT), a community sample of individuals who reported past month suicide ideation and inpatients admitted for suicide ideation or attempt were submitted to four training sessions of attentional bias modification (ABM) and their cognitive performance compared to a control group ( 14 ). The authors did not find significant differences between the groups even stratifying the analysis for severe suicide ideators.…”

Section: Cognition and Suicide Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors did not find significant differences between the groups even stratifying the analysis for severe suicide ideators. Possible reasons for the negative findings included number and duration of training sessions, lack of AMB efficacy for suicide-specific attentional bias, and type II error due to sample size ( 14 ). Other studies addressed the potential of AMB in alleviating clinical conditions that are known risk factors for suicide attempts.…”

Section: Cognition and Suicide Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognition As a Therapeutic Target in the Suicidal Patient Approach

et al. 2018

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The current considerations about completed suicides and suicide attempts in different cultures call the attention of professionals to this serious public health problem. Integrative approaches have shown that the confluence of multiple biological and social factors modulate various psychopathologies and dysfunctional behaviors, such as suicidal behavior. Considering the level of intermediate analysis, personality traits and cognitive functioning are also of great importance for understanding the suicide phenomenon. About cognitive factors, we can group them into cognitive schemas of reality interpretation and underlying cognitive processes. On the other hand, different types of primary cognitive alterations are related to suicidal behavior, especially those resulting from changes in frontostriatal circuits. Among such cognitive mechanisms can be highlighted the attentional bias for environmental cues related to suicide, impulsive behavior, verbal fluency deficits, non-adaptive decision-making, and reduced planning skills. Attentional bias consists in the effect of thoughts and emotions, frequently not conscious, about the perception of environmental stimuli. Suicidal ideation and hopelessness can make the patient unable to find alternative solutions to their problems other than suicide, biasing their attention to environmental cues related to such behavior. Recent research efforts are directed to assess the possible use of attention bias as a therapeutic target in patients presenting suicide behavior. The relationship between impulsivity and suicide has been largely investigated over the last decades, and there is still controversy about the theme. Although there is strong evidence linking impulsivity to suicide attempts. Effective interventions address to reduce impulsivity in clinical populations at higher risk for suicide could help in the prevention. Deficits in problem-solving ability also seem to be distorted in patients who attempt suicide. Understanding cognitive changes in patients who attempt suicide open an important perspective in the approach of patients with mental disorders. Identifying cognitive deficits in these patients, along with personality traits, depressive symptoms, and suicidal cognitive schemas may indicate to the psychiatrist the need for emergency care. Behavioral and cognitive interventions have been associated with reductions in suicide ideation, as well as suicide attempts in different populations.

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Testing the Efficacy of Attention Bias Modification for Suicidal Thoughts: Findings From Two Experiments

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Accounting for Diversity in Suicide Research: Sampling and Sample Reporting Practices in the United States

Accounting for Diversity in Suicide Research: Sampling and Sample Reporting Practices in the United States

Investigating the psychometric properties of the Suicide Stroop Task.

Cognition As a Therapeutic Target in the Suicidal Patient Approach

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