Testing Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic approach for Lyme disease patients

Goff, Nicolas K.; Dou, Tianyi; Higgins, Samantha; Horn, Elizabeth J.; Morey, Rohini; McClellan, Kyle; Kurouski, Dmitry; Rogovskyy, Artem S.

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.1006134

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Doty and Ledmev[ 20 ] demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy can be used to identify different animal species from the spectroscopic signatures of their blood. Farber et al [ 21 ] and Goff et al [ 22 ] explored the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy for the detection of Lyme disease from blood samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species identification of adult ixodid ticks by Raman spectroscopy of their feces

Dou,

Holman,

Hays

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Background Ticks and tick-borne diseases pose significant challenges to cattle production, thus the species identification of ticks and knowledge on their presence, abundance, and dispersal are necessary for the development of effective control measures. The standard method of inspection for the presence of ticks is the visual and physical examination of restrained animals, but the limitations of human sight and touch can allow larval, nymphal, and unfed adult ticks to remain undetected due to their small size and site of attachment. However, Raman spectroscopy, an analytical tool widely used in agriculture and other sectors, shows promise for the identification of tick species in infested cattle. Raman spectroscopy is a non-invasive and efficient method that employs the interaction between molecules and light for the identification of the molecular constituents of specimens. Methods Raman spectroscopy was employed to analyze the structure and composition of tick feces deposited on host skin and hair during blood-feeding. Feces of 12 species from a total of five genera and one subgenus of ixodid ticks were examined. Spectral data were subjected to partial least squares discriminant analysis, a machine-learning model. We also used Raman spectroscopy and the same analytical procedures to compare and evaluate feces of the horn fly Haematobia irritans after it fed on cattle. Results Five genera and one sub-genus at overall true prediction rates ranging from 92.3 to 100% were identified from the Raman spectroscopy data of the tick feces. At the species level, Dermacentor albipictus, Dermacentor andersoni and Dermacentor variabilis at overall true prediction rates of 100, 99.3 and 100%, respectively, were identified. There were distinct differences between horn fly and tick feces with respect to blood and guanine vibrational frequencies. The overall true prediction rate for the separation of tick and horn fly feces was 98%. Conclusions Our findings highlight the utility of Raman spectroscopy for the reliable identification of tick species from their feces, and its potential application for the identification of ticks from infested cattle in the field. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species identification of adult ixodid ticks by Raman spectroscopy of their feces

Dou,

Holman,

Hays

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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“…Kurouski and Rogovskyy's groups explored the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy to detect Lyme disease infection from blood samples(Farber et al 2021, Goff et al 2022). …”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Adult Ixodid Tick Species by Raman Spectroscopy of Their Feces

Dou,

Holman,

Hays

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Ticks and tick-borne diseases pose significant challenges to cattle production, necessitating effective control measures based on understanding tick presence, identification, abundance, and dispersal. The standard method for inspection is visual and physical examination of restrained animals, but the limitations of human sight and touch can allow for larval, nymphal, and unfed adult ticks to remain undetected due to their small size and attachment sites. However, Raman spectroscopy, an analytical tool widely used in agriculture, shows promise for tick-species identification of tick-infested cattle. Raman spectroscopy provides a non-invasive and efficient method for acquiring data by leveraging the interaction between molecules and light, allowing for the identification of molecular constituents within specimens. Methods: Raman spectroscopy was employed to analyze the structure and composition of tick feces deposited on host skin and hair during blood-feeding. Feces from 12 ixodid tick species spanning five genera were scanned. Spectral data were subjected to a machine-learning model called partial least squares discriminant analysis. In addition, we compared and evaluated feces of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans, after feeding on cattle, using Raman spectroscopy and the same analytical procedures. Results: Raman spectroscopy of tick feces identified six genus/sub-genus taxonomic groups at overall true prediction rates ranging from 92.3 to 100. At the species level, Raman spectroscopy identified Dermacentor albipictus, D. andersoni and D. variabilis at the overall true prediction rates of 100, 99.28 and 100, respectively. There were distinct differences between horn fly and tick feces in blood and guanine vibrational features. The overall true prediction rate for separating tick and horn fly feces was 98%. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the proficiency of Raman spectroscopy in reliably identifying tick species through their feces and its potential for practical field-based applications to identify tick infested cattle.

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