Testing potential selective agents acting on leaf shape in<i><scp>I</scp>pomoea hederacea</i>: predictions based on an adaptive leaf shape cline

Campitelli, Brandon E.; Stinchcombe, John R.

doi:10.1002/ece3.641

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…; Weijshede et al. ; Campitelli and Stinchcombe ), or (2) through fine‐scale environmental measurements within and between habitat types (Huber et al. ; Garant et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential adaptation to a harsh granite outcrop habitat between sympatric Mimulus species

Ferris

Willis

2018

Evolution

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Understanding which environmental variables and traits underlie adaptation to harsh environments is difficult because many traits evolve simultaneously as populations or species diverge. Here, we investigate the ecological variables and traits that underlie Mimulus laciniatus' adaptation to granite outcrops compared to its sympatric, mesic-adapted progenitor, Mimulus guttatus. We use fine-scale measurements of soil moisture and herbivory to examine differences in selective forces between the species' habitats, and measure selection on flowering time, flower size, plant height, and leaf shape in a reciprocal transplant using M. laciniatus × M. guttatus F hybrids. We find that differences in drought and herbivory drive survival differences between habitats, that M. laciniatus and M. guttatus are each better adapted to their native habitat, and differential habitat selection on flowering time, plant stature, and leaf shape. Although early flowering time, small stature, and lobed leaf shape underlie plant fitness in M. laciniatus' seasonally dry environment, increased plant size is advantageous in a competitive mesic environment replete with herbivores like M. guttatus'. Given that we observed divergent selection between habitats in the direction of species differences, we conclude that adaptation to different microhabitats is an important component of reproductive isolation in this sympatric species pair.

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“…; Weijshede et al. ; Campitelli and Stinchcombe ), or (2) through fine‐scale environmental measurements within and between habitat types (Huber et al. ; Garant et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential adaptation to a harsh granite outcrop habitat between sympatric Mimulus species

Ferris

Willis

2018

Evolution

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“…It is a challenge because many environmental variables differ between any two habitats and any number of them may affect fitness (MacColl 2011). To test the significance of a particular ecological variable it is necessary to isolate the impact of that variable on fitness either through (1) environmental manipulation (Bright 1998; Stanton et al 2000; Weijshede et al 2008; Campitelli & Stinchcombe 2013a), or (2) through fine scale environmental measurements within and between habitat types (Huber et al 2004; Garant et al 2007; Lind & Johansson 2007; Quinn et al 2009; Weese et al 2010). We have assessed the selective environments of granite and meadow habitats through the latter approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Adaptation to a Harsh Granite Outcrop Habitat between SympatricMimulusSpecies

Ferris

Willis

2016

Preprint

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Understanding which environmental variables and traits underlie adaptation to harsh environments is difficult because many traits evolve simultaneously as populations or species diverge. Here, we investigate the ecological variables and traits that underlie Mimulus laciniatus’ adaptation to granite outcrops compared to its sympatric, mesic‐adapted progenitor, Mimulus guttatus. We use fine‐scale measurements of soil moisture and herbivory to examine differences in selective forces between the species’ habitats, and measure selection on flowering time, flower size, plant height, and leaf shape in a reciprocal transplant using M. laciniatus × M. guttatus F4 hybrids. We find that differences in drought and herbivory drive survival differences between habitats, that M. laciniatus and M. guttatus are each better adapted to their native habitat, and differential habitat selection on flowering time, plant stature, and leaf shape. Although early flowering time, small stature, and lobed leaf shape underlie plant fitness in M. laciniatus’ seasonally dry environment, increased plant size is advantageous in a competitive mesic environment replete with herbivores like M. guttatus’. Given that we observed divergent selection between habitats in the direction of species differences, we conclude that adaptation to different microhabitats is an important component of reproductive isolation in this sympatric species pair.

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“…From the data presented here, we are currently unable to demonstrate or rule out any of the two hypotheses of clonal distribution in R. padi populations of northern France shaped by selection or by genetic drift coupled with migration. To properly disentangle the relative contribution of these forces would require additional temporal and spatial samples combined with simulations and/or experiments in controlled conditions (Campitelli & Stinchcombe, 2013) to control for instance climatic variables such as temperature or humidity. Environmental conditions, including anthropogenic factors (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal clines in the frequency distribution of ‘super-clones’ in an aphid crop pest

Gilabert

Dedryver

Stoeckel

et al. 2015

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Parthenogenesis is the main mode of reproduction of aphids. Their populations are therefore composed of clones whose frequency distribution varies in space and time. Previous population genetic studies on aphids have highlighted the existence of highly abundant clones ('super-clones'), distributed over large geographic areas and persisting over time. Whether the abundance of 'super-clones' results from their ecological success or from stochastic forces, such as drift and migration, is an open question. Here, we looked for the existence of clines in clonal frequency along a climatic gradient in the cereal aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus, 1758) and examined the possible influence of geographical distance and environmental variables in the buildup and maintenance of such clonal clines. We investigated the spatial distribution of the commonest genotypes of R. padi by sampling populations along an east-west transect in maize fields in the northern half of France in both spring and late summer. Individual aphids were genotyped at several polymorphic loci, allowing the assessment of frequency distributions of multilocus genotypes (MLGs) across the cropping season. We found several MLGs showing longitudinal clines in their frequency distribution in both spring and summer. In particular, two dominant asexual genotypes of R. padi showed inverted geographical clines, which could suggest divergent adaptations to environmental conditions. We concluded that while the distribution of some 'super-clones' of R. padi seems most likely driven by the action of migration and genetic drift, selection could be also involved in the establishment of longitudinal clines of others.

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Testing potential selective agents acting on leaf shape inIpomoea hederacea: predictions based on an adaptive leaf shape cline

Cited by 16 publications

References 64 publications

Differential adaptation to a harsh granite outcrop habitat between sympatric Mimulus species

Differential adaptation to a harsh granite outcrop habitat between sympatric Mimulus species

Differential Adaptation to a Harsh Granite Outcrop Habitat between SympatricMimulusSpecies

Longitudinal clines in the frequency distribution of ‘super-clones’ in an aphid crop pest

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