Testing of Electrical Energy Meters in Off-Nominal Frequency Conditions

Bartolomei, Lorenzo; Cavaliere, Diego; Mingott, Alessandro; Peretto, Lorenzo; Tinarelli, Roberto

doi:10.1109/amps.2019.8897781

Cited by 6 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…where all the parameters with index h are correlated to a specific harmonic order h. An additional measurement data set is presented, as a conclusion of the first part of practical analysis. The following measurement results are recorded during an examination procedure performed on 4 instruments for active power/energy, in order for a general acceptance of the error function, presented in (16), to be adopted. The 4 active power/energy instruments used in the concrete procedure as a UUT are: − Landys+Gyr ZMD405CT44.2407 [23], i.e.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between the error functions' intensity is due to the fact that, every measuring device is tested with voltages and currents with different amplitudes. According to (16) the errors are proportional to the RMS of the harmonic components, which are, according to (5), proportional to the fundamental voltages and currents. An error function with the greatest amplitude is recorded when the examination is performed on Landys+Gyr ZMD310CT44.0000, because this device is tested with the highest voltage and current signals, U = 220 V and I = 20 A, respectively.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be expanded in order for deviations of more complex signals to be determined. Taking into account the fact that in (16) no correlation exists between the high order harmonics and the fundamental components at 50 Hz, a more general expression can be presented:…”

Section: Mathematical Model and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some research papers [8]- [9], [14]- [16] test signals, with random harmonic share and phase shifts, are presented. These scientific works comply with the need for evaluation of the meter's error in accordance to: the degree of harmonic distortion [8], [12], the presence of harmonic components at certain frequency [16], the duration of the disturbances [10],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analysis of Errors in Active Power and Energy Measurements Under Random Harmonic Distortion Conditions

Demerdziev

Dimchev

2021

Measurement Science Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As harmonic distortion of voltage and current is reality in the power system, the need for accurate measurement of electrical power and energy goes beyond the instruments’ specifications and calibration procedures regarding pure sine wave signals. Several international standards and recommendations provide test signals for examination of electricity meters under non-sinusoidal conditions, however, not all of the test signal parameters’ possible states are faithfully represented in those documents. Because the high order harmonics may possess random amplitudes and phase shifts in relation to components at fundamental frequency, it is important that the meter’s performance is verified with random waveforms as well. The non-linear dependence between the measured power/energy and the phase shifts, both between fundamental and harmonic components, provides additional complexity of such an analysis. Simple test signals, which are in accordance with the standards’ demands and propositions, are used for determination of the measurement error in case of different harmonic distortion parameter change. In order for a general error function for any measurement device to be determined, mathematical modelling, regarding the results from multiple tests, is performed. The mathematical model presents a strong dependence between a single component’s phase shifts and a meter’s error and it provides a systematization of all signal parameters’ influence on the measurement accuracy.

show abstract

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mathematical Model and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analysis of Errors in Active Power and Energy Measurements Under Random Harmonic Distortion Conditions

Demerdziev

Dimchev

2021

Measurement Science Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Two asset management systems have been developed in [10,11] and the integration of electric vehicles and storage systems into smart grids has been detailed in [12] and [13], respectively. Lastly, the performance of energy meters under non-rated conditions, hence affected by PQ issues, are studied in [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Closed-form Expression to Estimate the Uncertainty of THD Starting from the LPIT Accuracy Class

Mingotti

Peretto

Tinarelli

2020

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Power quality is a wide-ranging and current topic that involves a huge effort from the scientific community. Power quality issues have to be avoided or solved in order to preserve the integrity of the network and its assets. To this purpose, several power quality indexes and measurement techniques have been developed and used by experts. This paper aims at solving the issue of having an uncertainty associated to the total harmonic distortion (THD) measurements. The idea is to obtain a close-form expression, which only requires the knowledge of the instrument transformer accuracy class, to estimate the mean value and the variance of THD. After the development of such an expression, it has been tested and stressed to confirm its effectiveness and applicability in a variety of conditions, and for harmonics up to 25th (of 50 Hz), defined by the standards.

show abstract

Wavelet-Based Sparse Representation of Waveforms for Type-Testing of Static Electricity Meters

Lodetti

Ritzmann

Davis

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a strategy for the description of new test waveforms for static electricity meters to be included in international standards. The need of extending the existing standardisation frame arises from several recent studies that have reported conducted electromagnetic interference problems of type-approved static electricity meters, resulting in significant errors in the measured electricity consumption. The proposed method is based on discrete wavelet transform and allows for a compact and parsimonious representation of test waveforms, suitable for inclusion in standards. Very few wavelet parameters are concentrating the relevant information to accurately reproduce all the characteristics that the meters need to be tested against. The same parsimonious description cannot be performed with the current practises based on Fourier transform methods since the new test signals need to be highly non-sinusoidal. The discrete wavelet transform is proposed as a more effective tool to sparsely describe the most relevant waveform features. The effect of different discrete wavelet transform decomposition settings on compactness and reconstruction accuracy is studied using suitable metrics. Finally, results from experimental validation with several different waveforms are presented to demonstrate that the error-inducing features can be preserved using only 0.1 % of the original signal information.

show abstract

Testing of Electrical Energy Meters in Off-Nominal Frequency Conditions

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Analysis of Errors in Active Power and Energy Measurements Under Random Harmonic Distortion Conditions

Analysis of Errors in Active Power and Energy Measurements Under Random Harmonic Distortion Conditions

A Closed-form Expression to Estimate the Uncertainty of THD Starting from the LPIT Accuracy Class

Wavelet-Based Sparse Representation of Waveforms for Type-Testing of Static Electricity Meters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About