Testing Hypotheses Regarding the Causes of Comorbidity: Examining the Underlying Deficits of Comorbid Disorders.

Rhee, Soo Hyun; Hewitt, John K.; Corley, Robin P.; Willcutt, Erik G.; Pennington, Bruce F.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.3.346

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Our results suggest that motor problems in these disabilities exist more frequently than can be expected by chance. It is questionable whether these motor problems should be considered as a co-morbid disability or as another phenomenon with a different aetiology, as proposed by different models of co-morbidity (Pennington 2006, Rhee et al 2005. Although the term co-morbidity is used in this paper because of its common use in literature and in clinical practice, we agree with Kaplan and colleagues (Kaplan et al 2006) that the term 'co-occurrence' is more appropriate to describe associations among developmental disorders.…”

Section: Co-morbiditycontrasting

confidence: 37%

How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

Pieters

Block

Scheiris³

et al. 2011

Child

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Key messages• Co-morbidity of motor problems with pervasive developmental disorder, a hyperkinetic disorder and/or a speech, language or learning disability varied between one fourth and one third of the children in this clinical sample.• Co-morbidity rates of motor problems in developmental and behavioural disorders are lower than previously reported • Co-morbidity of motor problems with pervasive developmental disorder, a hyperkinetic disorder and/or a speech, language or learning disability shows different patterns in boys and girls • It is recommended to asses motor skills in children with developmental disorders Word count main text: 3167 3 AbstractBackground: Few co-morbidity studies have been conducted since the Leeds Consensus Statement on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in 2006. In this Statement, international cut-offs and inclusion criteria were agreed and consequently the status of DCD changed. Furthermore, most existing comorbidity studies are small clinical studies, rather than epidemiological studies, resulting in a broad range of co-morbidity rates. DCD has a higher incidence for boys in comparison with girls, questions arise if this preponderance remains the same in combination with other developmental disorders. Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine co-morbidity and gender differences of motor problems in children with a pervasive developmental disorder, a hyperkinetic disorder and/or a speech, language or learning disability. Methods: Profiles of 3608 children (mean age 9y 1mo) referred to rehabilitation centres for behavioural, developmental and sensorineural disorders were studied.Results: Motor problems were reported in one fifth of the total sample. Comorbidity of motor problems in specific disorders varied between almost one fourth to more than one third. The male/female ratio was significantly higher in children with motor problems and 2 or more other disorders compared to children with motor problems and less than 2 other disorders.Conclusions: This study indicates that co-morbidity of motor problems with other clinical disorders is not exceptional and developmental deviance is seldom specific to one domain. However, current co-morbidity studies tend to overestimate the number of children with motor problems. In addition, there may be different patterns of symptoms between the genders. These findings stress the importance of assessing motor skills in children with various developmental disorders.

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Section: Co-morbiditycontrasting

confidence: 37%

How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

Pieters

Block

Scheiris³

et al. 2011

Child

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“…The underlying rationale was to allow the detection of subthreshold levels of distress associated with physical morbidity and overall multimorbidity (5,6,20) by creating a continuous measure of the presence of symptoms with hierarchical-free rules. The following symptoms were considered for this score: worrying, feeling of anxiety, muscle tension, restlessness, irritability, depressed mood, feeling worthless, feeling overwhelmed by everyday tasks, and loss of interest, according to the following CIDI questions: I.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present paper, we consider the empirical evidence linking psychiatric to chronic medical morbidities based on the co-occurrence of both types of morbidities in a population-based sample in a city in Southern Brazil (9). We propose a number of characteristics that, according to the literature, might be risk factors for psychiatric and chronic medical illnesses (6). Using lifetime prevalence data, we examined whether the tendency of medical illnesses and psychiatric disorders to co-occur differs between specific diagnoses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When disorders occur in combination more often than expected, one of two processes might be operative involving shared risk factors, or, one disorder may possibly act as a risk factor for another (5). The term multimorbidity rather than comorbidity has been www.bjournal.com.br Braz J Med Biol Res 43 (5) 2010 proposed in the epidemiology of chronic disease to refer to the co-occurrence of two, but often more than two, medical conditions in the same person (6). An explanation for the co-occurrence of psychiatric and chronic medical conditions is that disorders tend to concentrate in individuals according to a morbidity-dependent mechanism, whereby psychiatric and physical morbidities are possibly associated in a selfperpetuating and mutually reinforcing causality (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Clustering of psychiatric and somatic illnesses in the general population: multimorbidity and socioeconomic correlates

Andrade

Viana

Andreoni

et al. 2010

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The distribution of psychiatric disorders and of chronic medical illnesses was studied in a population-based sample to determine whether these conditions co-occur in the same individual. A representative sample (N = 1464) of adults living in households was assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, version 1.1, as part of the São Paulo Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. The association of sociodemographic variables and psychological symptoms regarding medical illness multimorbidity (8 lifetime somatic conditions) and psychiatric multimorbidity (15 lifetime psychiatric disorders) was determined by negative binomial regression. A total of 1785 chronic medical conditions and 1163 psychiatric conditions were detected in the population concentrated in 34.1 and 20% of respondents, respectively. Subjects reporting more psychiatric disorders had more medical illnesses. Characteristics such as age range (35-59 years, risk ratio (RR) = 1.3, and more than 60 years, RR = 1.7), being separated (RR = 1.2), being a student (protective effect, RR = 0.7), being of low educational level (RR = 1.2) and being psychologically distressed (RR = 1.1) were determinants of medical conditions. Age (35-59 years, RR = 1.2, and more than 60 years, RR = 0.5), being retired (RR = 2.5), and being psychologically distressed (females, RR = 1.5, and males, RR = 1.4) were determinants of psychiatric disorders. In conclusion, psychological distress and some sociodemographic features such as age, marital status, occupational status, educational level, and gender are associated with psychiatric and medical multimorbidity. The distribution of both types of morbidity suggests the need of integrating mental health into general clinical settings.

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“…E o terceiro modelo sugere que a comorbidade representa transtornos independentes, ou seja, transtornos que co-ocorrem sem exercerem infl uência entre si (Rhee, Hewitt, Corley, Willcutt, & Pennington, 2005).…”

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Impacto do DSM-5 no diagnóstico de transtornos de aprendizagem em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH: um estudo de prevalência

Dorneles¹,

Corso²,

Costa³

et al. 2014

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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ResumoEstudos de prevalência de Transtornos de Aprendizagem (TA) em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH apresentam resultados não conclusivos, apesar da frequente comorbidade entre as síndromes. Esse artigo descreve e analisa a prevalência de TA em uma amostra referida de 270 crianças e adolescentes com TDAH atendidas no Programa de Transtornos de Défi cit de Atenção/Hiperatividade/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre -Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (ProDAH/HCPA-UFRGS), de acordo com os critérios diagnósticos do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais IV -versão revisada (DSM-IV-TR). Verifi cou-se que 46,7% dos estudantes apresentam, pelo menos, um TA, sendo o Transtorno da Expressão Escrita o mais frequente (32,6%). Discutiu-se o potencial impacto das mudanças nos critérios diagnósticos para os TA, propostas pelo DSM-5 na prevalência desses transtornos. Embora seja possível afi rmar que ocorrerão alterações nas taxas de prevalência de TA, o impacto do DSM-5 sobre a prevalência, especifi cidade e comorbidade do TA permanece incerto, já que há mudanças que ampliarão a abrangência dos critérios de inclusão e outras que a reduzirão. Palavras-chave: TDAH, transtornos de aprendizagem, comorbidade, diagnóstico, DSM-5. AbstractPrevalence studies on learning disabilities (LD) in children and adolescents with Attention Defi cit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show inconclusive results, despite the frequent comorbidity between these syndromes. This article describes and analyzes the prevalence of LD in a referred sample of 270 children and adolescents with ADHD treated at Disorders Program of Attention Defi cit / Hyperactivity / Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre -Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (PRODAH/HCPA-UFRGS), according to the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). The prevalence of LD among the sample was of 46.7%. In that group, the most common LD was the Written Expression Disorder (32.6%). The impact of the changes in the diagnostic criteria for LD proposed by the DSM-5 in the prevalence of these disorders is discussed. Although changes will occur in the rates of LD prevalence, the impact of the DSM-5 on the prevalence, specifi city and comorbidity of LD remains uncertain, as there are some proposed changes that will broaden the scope of the criteria and others that will reduce it.

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Testing Hypotheses Regarding the Causes of Comorbidity: Examining the Underlying Deficits of Comorbid Disorders.

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

How common are motor problems in children with a developmental disorder: rule or exception?

Clustering of psychiatric and somatic illnesses in the general population: multimorbidity and socioeconomic correlates

Impacto do DSM-5 no diagnóstico de transtornos de aprendizagem em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH: um estudo de prevalência

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