Testing Heinz Kohut’s thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage: narcissistic injury paves the way for radicalization and subclinical paranoid states – an experimental study

Reininger, Klaus Michael; Biel, Hannah Marie; Hennig, Timo; Moritz, Steffen; Briken, Peer; Löwe, Bernd

doi:10.1080/02668734.2023.2274450

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the literature, MCT has shown that raising awareness of the cognitive biases involved in the pathogenesis of psychosis and reducing overconfidence through “aha” experiences are central mechanisms of action in the reduction of symptoms. The present pilot study with our adaptation of MCT in the non-clinical, social, and societal area contributes to one realization in particular: MCT might be able to promote intellectual humility and reduce overconfidence, which has the potential for radicalized polarization in intergroup contexts (e.g., Reininger, 2018 ; Reininger et al, 2024 ). Social group members obviously become more cautious, more tamed, more humble, less prejudiced, and less polarized in their assessment of outgroup members through MCT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Pilot Study of Metacognitive Training in U.S. Republican Leaners: Reducing Polarization Toward LGBTIQ+ Persons

Reininger,

Koulen,

Biel

et al. 2024

Arch Sex Behav

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Negative attitudes and stigmatization toward sexual minorities is a cause of minority stress of non-heterosexual persons on an individual level and has a negative impact on democratic coexistence in postmodern, plural society on a societal level. Derived from clinical research, we developed a short metacognitive training (MCT) intended to induce doubt toward inaccurate beliefs about LGBTIQ+ persons. We expected this MCT to reduce homonegativity, threat perceptions of LGBTIQ+ persons, and to foster extended outgroup tolerance compared to an education and a no-treatment control condition. We tested this hypothesis in U.S. Republican leaners who represent a social group that is likely to hold homonegative attitudes. We randomly assigned 490 U.S. Republican leaners to an MCT condition comprising 16 questions and respective answers (n = 166) vs. an education control condition (n = 164) vs. a no-treatment control condition (n = 160). We found that Republican leaners after receiving MCT (1) had a significant reduction of homonegativity (ds ≥ 0.28), (2) significantly perceived LGBTIQ+ persons as less threatening (ds ≥ 0.30), and (3) were significantly more tolerant of various outgroups such as LGBTIQ+ persons, feminists, liberals, and climate activists (ds ≥ 0.23) relative to both control conditions. The small effects of this short intervention and the possibility of systematically applying MCT in social discourse to reduce homonegativity with its potential significance for LGBTIQ+ individuals’ mental health are discussed. Furthermore, we highlight this pilot study’s significance toward intervention possibilities regarding political division and polarization in postmodern, democratic societies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Pilot Study of Metacognitive Training in U.S. Republican Leaners: Reducing Polarization Toward LGBTIQ+ Persons

Reininger,

Koulen,

Biel

et al. 2024

Arch Sex Behav

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“…This overconfidence on the therapist’s side even leads to the observation that possibly “therapist humility may differentiate the most from least globally effective therapists, and this virtue should be cultivated in clinical trainings” (Constantino et al, 2023, p. 474). Humility and doubt (vs. overconfidence) thus seem to be an effective factor not only for social and political groups, reducing polarization and intergroup as well as interpersonal hostility (Moritz et al, 2018, 2021; Reininger et al 2023; Reininger, Krott, et al, 2020; Reininger, Schaefer, et al, 2020; Simon et al, 2019; Zitzmann et al, 2022), they seem to be relevant both on the part of patients (Hoven et al, 2019), as well as on the level of practitioners (Constantino et al, 2023). Thus, more optimally for these types of studies would be to collect independent clinical ratings of technique/outcomes and/or patient ratings of outcome (see Boswell et al, 2023; Bugatti et al, 2023; Wampold & Miller, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the German version of the Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale.

Reininger,

Biel,

Algner-Herzmann

et al. 2024

Psychotherapy

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The Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale (CPPS) is a 20-item scale which aims to capture technical features distinguishing cognitive behavioral (CBT) from psychodynamic (PD) psychotherapy (and vice versa) in two corresponding subscales (CBT and PD Subscale). Our objective was to validate a German self-report version of the CPPS regarding a previous psychotherapy session in a psychotherapist- and in a patient-version. Fifty-three psychotherapists and their 53 patients answered to the according German CPPS Scale as well as to specific subscales of the Multitheoretical List of Therapeutic Interventions self-report-instrument (MULTI-30 subscales) assessing CBT- and PD-specific intervention characteristics. We analyzed (a) the correlation of the CPPS with the MULTI-30 subscales, (b) the ability of the CPPS to distinguish whether therapy sessions were either CBT or PD using logistic regression, and (c) the correlation between psychotherapists’ and patients’ self-report regarding the preceding session (correlation). Both the psychotherapist- and the patient-version showed acceptable to good values of internal consistencies (α = .78–.84). The CBT and PD Subscales of the MULTI-30 correlated with the CPPS subscales in both versions (CBT: rs = .85 [psychotherapist-version] and .80 [patient-version], PD: rs = .79 [both versions]). Subscales correctly discriminated whether the previous session was a CBT or a PD session (correct predictions in 88.7% in the psychotherapist-version, 73.6% in the patient-version; χ2 ≥ 14.03, p < .001). The German version of the CPPS is a promising instrument to facilitate research on CBT- and PD-specific psychotherapy processes.

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Die Begrenztheit der Sicht – Barrieren in der TFP

Raj

2024

PTT - Persönlichkeitsstörungen: Theorie Und Therapie

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Testing Heinz Kohut’s thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage: narcissistic injury paves the way for radicalization and subclinical paranoid states – an experimental study

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

A Pilot Study of Metacognitive Training in U.S. Republican Leaners: Reducing Polarization Toward LGBTIQ+ Persons

A Pilot Study of Metacognitive Training in U.S. Republican Leaners: Reducing Polarization Toward LGBTIQ+ Persons

Validation of the German version of the Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale.

Die Begrenztheit der Sicht – Barrieren in der TFP

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