Testing Hamilton's rule with competition between relatives

West, Stuart A.; Murray, Martyn G.; Machado, Carlos A.; Griffin, Ashleigh S.; Herre, Edward Allen

doi:10.1038/35054057

Cited by 251 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Under such a scenario, competition between relatives has accordingly been predicted to cancel the advantages of altruism towards kin. In a recent comparative analysis, West et al (2001) found, in line with these arguments, no influence of male relatedness on the frequency of fatal fighting in fig wasps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The extent of injury among males was, however, found to be negatively correlated with female density in the comparative analysis. West et al (2001) related this result to the expected theoretical effect of increased future mating opportunities on the value of the contested resource (Enquist & Leimar 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reliable analysis of comparative data therefore has to use phylogenetically independent information on relatedness and the frequency of fatal fighting. In their recent analysis, West et al (2001) used the independent contrasts of interspecific differences in male injury levels to examine the relationship between the frequency of fatal fighting and male relatedness. For their analysis they estimated male relatedness contrasts from wasp sex ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of male relatedness on lethal combat in fig wasps: a theoretical analysis

Reinhold

2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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In many fig wasp species, flightless males fatally fight with rivals. In a recent comparative analysis, West and colleagues found no influence of male relatedness on the frequency of fatal fighting. Inspired by this study, I used a simple theoretical model to examine the conditions that should influence the probability of fatal fighting in a closed mating system. I show that, without kin recognition, relatedness can be expected to have no influence on the frequency of fatal fighting. Under such conditions, males should fight if their chance of winning is greater than a threshold determined by the number of competitors. If males recognize kin, a non-linear relationship between relatedness and the frequency of fatal fighting can be expected. However, two other factors should also be important when there is kin recognition: male number and variance in male fighting strength can be shown to have decisive influences on the frequency of fatal fighting. My results thus corroborate and explain one finding of the empirical study-that there is no significant influence of relatedness on fatal fighting-but point to a role for other factors besides foundress number-male number and male variance in fighting strength. These are probably important factors determining the occurrence of lethal combat in fig wasps.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of male relatedness on lethal combat in fig wasps: a theoretical analysis

Reinhold

2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…With such high levels of within-group relatedness, one may even expect lower nepotism among close maternal kin because preferential support toward close maternal kin comes at the expense of other closely related group members (Wilson et al, 1992;Queller, 1994;West et al, 2001;Langergraber, 2012). Indeed, in a population where individuals have few kin available, it is not relevant to consider kin competition, as the benefits of cooperating with kin are much higher than the costs of competing with kin if there are very few kin to outcompete.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cues to kinship and close relatedness during infancy in white-faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus capucinus

2016

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The ability to recognize kin has important impacts on fitness because it can allow for kinbiased affiliative behaviors and for avoidance of mating with close kin. While the presence and effects of kin biases have been widely studied, less is known about the process by which animals recognize close kin. Here we investigate potential cues that white-faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus) may use to detect half-siblings and closer kin. We focus on the first year of life in a sample of 130 infant (n=65 infant females) wild capuchins from the Lomas Barbudal population in Costa Rica. We show that (1) infant relatedness to juvenile and adult males at the level of half-sibling and higher can be predicted by male alpha status, spatial proximity, and age proximity, and that (2) infant relatedness to juvenile and adult females at the level of half-sibling or higher can be predicted by spatial proximity (but not age proximity). Furthermore, (1) the identities of infants' fathers can also be predicted by male alpha status and the spatial proximity between infants and adult males, and (2) age proximity (but not spatial proximity) is predictive of paternal sibship. These results suggest that infant capuchins have access to multiple cues to close relatedness and paternal kinship, though whether infants use these cues later in life remains to be explored in future research.Keywords: kin recognition, age proximity, early social familiarity, male dominance, The ability to recognize kin has many adaptive benefits. It can help organisms increase their inclusive fitness by allowing them to allot a disproportionate amount of affiliative behaviors and coalitionary support toward individuals with which they share a larger proportion of their genes (Hamilton, 1964). Furthermore, by allowing individuals to recognize kin and discriminate against them in a mating context, kin recognition mechanisms can facilitate avoidance of the deleterious effects of close inbreeding (Charlesworth & Charlesworth, 1987).We define kin recognition as the ability to identify and distinguish kin from non-kin, or more closely related kin from more distant kin, regardless of the mechanism or mechanisms through which it is accomplished, and regardless of whether it actually leads to differential treatment of individuals (i.e. kin discrimination). In this sense, we take on a broad as opposed to narrow definition of kin recognition (see Penn & Frommen, 2010). We consider the related term kin bias to be the differential treatment of kin versus non-kin (or close kin from distant kin), though not exclusively as the result of kin recognition.Kin recognition has been documented in a wide array of animal taxa, including, to name only a few: Artic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) (Winberg & Olsén, 1992;Olsén & Winberg, 1996), spadefoot toads (Scaphiopus bombifrons) (Pfennig et al., 1993), Golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) (Mateo & Johnston, 2000), and Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi) and Arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii) (Holmes & S...

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“…Further studies on the genetic relationship between the signallers and the members of the schools in which these individuals are observed signalling could help tease apart the roles of inclusive fitness and cooperation (57)(58)(59) in the evolution of these signals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for social role in a dolphin social network

2006

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Social animals have to take into consideration the behaviour of conspecifics when making decisions to go by their daily lives. These decisions affect their fitness and there is therefore an evolutionary pressure to try making the right choices. In many instances individuals will make their own choices and the behaviour of the group will be a democratic integration of everyone's decision. However, in some instances it can be advantageous to follow the choice of a few individuals in the group if they have more information regarding the situation that has arisen. Here I provide early evidence that decisions about shifts in activity states in a population of bottlenose dolphin follow such a decision making process. This unshared consensus is mediated by a non-vocal signal which can be communicated globally within the dolphin school. These signals are emitted by individuals that tend to have more information about the behaviour of potential competitors because of their position in the social network. I hypothesise that this decision making process emerged from the social structure of the population and the need to maintain mixed-sex schools.

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Testing Hamilton's rule with competition between relatives

Cited by 251 publications

References 28 publications

Influence of male relatedness on lethal combat in fig wasps: a theoretical analysis

Influence of male relatedness on lethal combat in fig wasps: a theoretical analysis

Cues to kinship and close relatedness during infancy in white-faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus capucinus

Evidence for social role in a dolphin social network

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