Testing for Formaldehyde Emission from Wood-Based Products &amp;ndash; A Review

Yu, Chuck Wah; Crump, Derrick

doi:10.1159/000024655

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Higher values are occasionally encountered, especially in dwellings with urea-formaldehyde foam insulation [55]. Although this is less used nowadays as a building material formaldehyde is often encountered indoors as a residual chemical from the manufacture of insulation boards [56,57]. Since formaldehyde has been shown to be carcinogenic in rats, much of the interest in its presence arises through fears that it may also be a human carcinogen.…”

Section: Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects due to Indoor Air Pollution

Hoskins

2003

Indoor and Built Environment

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The indoor micro-environment has its own pollutants and pollution levels indoors may be higher than those outdoors. This is particularly so when there are combustion processes associated with cooking heating or smoking coupled with poor ventilation. About half the world’s population have to rely for cooking; and associated space heating on simple household stoves using unprocessed solid fuels that have high emission factors, with the consequence that they are exposed to high levels of health-damaging air pollutants. Cooking can produce very high concentrations of particles and biomass fuels emit hundreds of chemicals during small-scale combustion, such as in household cooking or heating stoves. Tobacco smoke may add to other biomass smoke and all these together cause considerable human ill health world-wide. Most indoor air pollutants directly affect the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and the severity of the effect varies according to both the intensity and the duration of exposure, and also the health status of the population exposed. The importance of this is that some members of the population may be at greater risk than others. A number of the chemicals found in the indoor environment are classed as carcinogens although at the levels found the probability that they will cause cancer is extremely low. This is not to lessen the problem. In a 1987 study, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ranked indoor air pollution fourth in cancer risk among the 13 top environmental problems analysed.

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Section: Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects due to Indoor Air Pollution

Hoskins

2003

Indoor and Built Environment

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Evaluation of Dynamic Microchamber as a Quick Factory Formaldehyde Emission Control Method for Industrial Particleboards

Hemmilä

Zabka²,

Αδαμόπουλος

2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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e most common formaldehyde control method for wood panels in Europe, the perforator method, measures formaldehyde content, while most of the legal requirements in the world are based on emissions. Chamber methods typically used for emission measurements require too much time to reach steady state for factory quality control. e aim of this study was therefore to investigate whether emission values of particleboards measured one day after production would be usable for quality control purposes. e correlation between 1-day and 7-day emission values was determined using a dynamic microchamber (DMC).ree industrial board types that differed in density and emission levels were used for the evaluation. e online emission measuring equipment Aero-laser AL4021 connected to the 1 m 3 chamber was used to gain further information on the emission reduction behaviour of the different board types. Only the two particleboard types with higher densities showed good correlation between the 1-day and 7-day emissions. e overall results suggested that 1-day emission values can be used for factory quality control purposes; however, if the initial 1-day values are above the permitted level, extensive evaluation for each individual board type needs to be performed.

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Resin Suppliers' Perspectives on the “Greening” of the North American Interior Wood Composite Panel Market

Ruffing

Smith

Brown

2010

Forest Products Journal

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Eight North American resin suppliers, representing 100 percent of the polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) market and >95 percent of the urea-formaldehyde (UF) market for interior wood composite panels (IWCPs), participated in an exploratory phone survey conducted in July and August 2008 that was designed to better understand their product positioning and “green” resin strategies. These eight firms were identified as the largest suppliers to the IWCP industry, which includes particleboard, medium density fiberboard, hardwood plywood, and hardboard. In 2007, the IWCP resin industry was highly concentrated and dominated by UF resins. Resin suppliers rated research and development work and technical support as the most important competitive advantage factors they used. Moreover, resin suppliers perceived the following product and service attributes to have the greatest importance to their IWCP customers: low formaldehyde emissions from finished panels (4.8 of 5), fast resolution of customer complaints (4.5), reduced volatile organic carbon emissions during panel pressing (4.3), support during resin trials (4.3), and on-time delivery (4.2). The regulatory environment (i.e., California Air Resources Board [CARB]) was the most important driver of IWCP resin manufacturers' green resin programs. Results showed a trend of increasing importance for green IWCP resin market development for the time periods defined as today, next 2 years, next 5 years, and next 10 years for pMDI suppliers, whereas UF suppliers rated green IWCP resin market development highly important over all four time periods.

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Testing for Formaldehyde Emission from Wood-Based Products – A Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Health Effects due to Indoor Air Pollution

Health Effects due to Indoor Air Pollution

Evaluation of Dynamic Microchamber as a Quick Factory Formaldehyde Emission Control Method for Industrial Particleboards

Resin Suppliers' Perspectives on the “Greening” of the North American Interior Wood Composite Panel Market

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