Testing Disturbance, Seeding Time, and Soil Amendments for Establishing Native Warm‐Season Grasses in Non‐Native Cool‐Season Pasture

Doll, Jerry D.; Haubensak, Karen A.; Bouressa, Emma L.; Jackson, Randall D.

doi:10.1111/j.1526-100x.2010.00687.x

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Observations of different competitive ability of native late‐seral species over non‐native early‐seral species (mostly invasive plants) based on their different tolerance of low soil nutrient content (Morghan & Seastedt ; Craine ; Doll et al . ; Eldridge, Redente & Paschke ; Cleland, Larios & Suding ) has led to nitrogen immobilization through carbon amendment as a possible management technique. Carbon amendments increase soil microbial biomass (Zink & Allen ; Eschen et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term outcome of nitrogen immobilization to restore endemic sand grassland in Hungary

Török

Szitár

Halassy

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary1. Soil nitrogen immobilization by carbon amendment is a management technique used for conservation purposes to increase the competitive ability of late-seral plant species over earlyseral species based on their different tolerance of low soil nitrogen content. 2. We immobilized nitrogen over six growing seasons on three ex-arable fields with poor sandy soils in the Hungarian lowland in order to restore endemic sandy grassland. Sucrose and sawdust were applied at rates based on previous laboratory experiments using local soils. We tested the efficacy of long-term carbon amendment for lowering soil nitrogen availability and favouring late-seral native species over early-seral weed species. 3. Carbon amendments resulted in significant increase in soil microbial biomass C and reduced soil nitrogen availability after 2 years. 4. Total vegetation cover was reduced by reducing soil nitrogen availability, but total species richness was not impacted. Cover of early-seral species decreased, and species richness and cover of late-seral species increased irrespective of nitrogen immobilization. However, after 4-6 years reducing soil nitrogen availability hampered the spread of moss under vascular vegetation. 5. Synthesis and applications. This study supports the efficacy of carbon amendment as a tool to immobilize available soil nitrogen in the upper soil layers. However, the desired impact on vegetation was not fully achieved despite application over several years. Nitrogen immobilization was most relevant to bryophytes, lacking deep root systems, which may explain the responsiveness of this group to N limitation. The different impact of N availability on the complex of early-seral, late-seral vascular species and that of the bryophyte layer provides opportunity for directing state transformations in arid grasslands. Bryophyte cover can be suppressed through carbon amendments in order to enhance the germination and establishment of grassland species. The advantage of the method is that it opens bryophyte cover gradually without disturbing the soil surface, possibly avoiding the establishment of invasive species. However, further studies are required for deeper insight.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term outcome of nitrogen immobilization to restore endemic sand grassland in Hungary

Török

Szitár

Halassy

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…such as herbivory and granivory (Jackson and Bartolome, 2002 amendments (e.g., Bonebrake et al, 2011;Doll et al, 2011;Kulmatiski, in the Carrizo Plain, and native plant cover has declined (Schiffman, 1994;133 Q6 Germano et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The prevailing theory is that nutrient limitation creates an ecological filter that excludes the more generalist invasive species but allows more specialized native species to thrive under conditions of reduced competition(Corbin and D'Antonio, 2004;Nuttle, 2007). In response to this pattern, recent studies have investigated the potential role of soil amendments for increasing native plant restoration success (e.g.,Bonebrake et al, 2011;Doll et al, 2011;Kulmatiski, 2011). Most commonly, soil nitrogen availability is reduced by adding carbon to the soil in the form of wood chips or glucose 419(Stromberg et al, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of Native Plants Is Reduced by Rodent-Caused Soil Disturbance and Seed Removal

Gurney

Prugh

Brashares

2015

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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“…As the pre-existing sward of Austrostipa was similarly C3, this could reflect inadequate distinction in resource use among resident and new species, consistent with the concept of limiting similarity (Funk et al 2008). While resource capture is seldom spatially or temporally complete (Davis et al 2000), some form of disturbance is often needed to increase resource availability and reduce risk of establishment failure (Luken 1990;Doll et al 2011). However, an earlier study observed similarly poor recruitment of Poa in C4 Bothriochloa swards, as well as high recruitment of C4 Themeda in these C4 swards .…”

Section: Native Grass Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Establishment of native grasses and their impact on exotic annuals in degraded box gum woodlands

et al. 2017

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Restoration goals often involve the addition of new species to resident, degraded communities but in box gum woodlands such restoration is often constrained by competition from persistent exotic annuals that control critical ecological processes. Nutrient reduction (via carbon addition) and seed bank depletion are two approaches to reduce competition from exotic annuals but to be effective these treatments must allow establishment of species such as native grasses. This experiment was conducted in two degraded Austrostipa understoreys in the box gum woodlands of south-east Australia. It compares the effects of carbon addition (sugar), seed depletion (spring burning or spring grazing) and combinations of carbon addition and seed depletion treatments on the establishment of C3 and C4 native grasses, and measured the effects of their establishment on soil nitrate concentration and exotic annuals. Treatments that reduced exotic annual abundance did not increase initial germination of the C4 native grasses, Bothriochloa or Themeda. However, sugar increased seedling survival of Themeda and Bothriochloa and grazing increased seedling survival of Bothriochloa, presumably by reducing effects of exotic annuals. Poa and Rytidosperma (C3 native grasses) failed to establish. Although we were unable to detect any reduction in soil nitrate concentration, swards with successful recruitment of C4 grasses suppressed exotic annuals more than the Austrostipa-only swards at one site (the other was affected by wildfire). Further, Austrostipa-Themeda swards were more effective than Austrostipa-Bothriochloa for suppressing exotics, pointing to a role for both functional and species identity in the degree of resistance conferred.Standard error of the difference between two means. Within a treatment combination, means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at P = 0.05.

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Testing Disturbance, Seeding Time, and Soil Amendments for Establishing Native Warm‐Season Grasses in Non‐Native Cool‐Season Pasture

Cited by 20 publications

References 54 publications

Long‐term outcome of nitrogen immobilization to restore endemic sand grassland in Hungary

Long‐term outcome of nitrogen immobilization to restore endemic sand grassland in Hungary

Restoration of Native Plants Is Reduced by Rodent-Caused Soil Disturbance and Seed Removal

Establishment of native grasses and their impact on exotic annuals in degraded box gum woodlands

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